Theoretical foundations of laser spectroscopy

Claude N. Cohen-Tannoudji, Jean Dalibard

P. R. Berman, Vladimir S. Malinovsky

Minghui Xu

In this thesis, I describe the theoretical development of the superradiant laser, or laser in the extreme bad-cavity regime. In this regime, the cavity decay rate is much greater than the atomic dynamics. The atoms emit photons into the cavity mode superradiantly in steady state. We develop group-theoretic methods that enable us to exactly solve mesoscopic systems with hundreds of atoms. We demonstrate the synchronization of atomic dipoles in steady-state superradiance. With this synchronized system, we propose conditional Ramsey spectroscopy which allows us to observe Ramsey fringes indefinitely, even in the presence of atomic decoherence. Furthermore, we explore manifestations of synchronization in the quantum realm with two superradiant atomic ensembles. We show that two such ensembles exhibit a dynamical phase transition from two disparate oscillators to quantum phase-locked dynamics. Finally, we study the mechanical eect of the light-atom interaction in the steady-state superradiance. We find efficient many-body cooling of atoms. The work described in this thesis lays the theoretical foundation for the superradiant laser and for a potential future of active optical frequency standards.

노흥렬

Jörg Evers, Ulrich D. Jentschura, Christoph H. Keitel

The incoherent inelastic part of the resonance fluorescence spectrum of a laser-driven atom is known as the Mollow spectrum [B. R. Mollow, Phys. Rev. 188, 1969 (1969)]. Starting from this level of description, we discuss theoretical foundations of high-precision spectroscopy using the resonance fluorescence light of strongly laser-driven atoms. Specifically, we evaluate the leading relativistic and radiative corrections to the Mollow spectrum, up to the relative orders of ${(Z\ensuremath{\alpha})}^{2}$ and $\ensuremath{\alpha}{(Z\ensuremath{\alpha})}^{2}$, respectively, and Bloch-Siegert shifts as well as stimulated radiative corrections involving off-resonant virtual states. Complete results are provided for the hydrogen $1S\text{\ensuremath{-}}2{P}_{1∕2}$ and $1S\text{\ensuremath{-}}2{P}_{3∕2}$ transitions; these include all relevant correction terms up to the specified order of approximation and could directly be compared to experimental data. As an application, the outcome of such experiments would allow for a sensitive test of the validity of the dressed-state basis as the natural description of the combined atom-laser system.

Shian Zhang, Chenhui Lu, Tianqing Jia +2 more

In this paper, we theoretically demonstrate that the (2+1+1) resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization photoelectron spectroscopy in sodium atom can be effectively controlled by shaping femtosecond laser pulse with a π phase step modulation in weak laser field, involving its total photoelectron energy, maximal photoelectron intensity, and spectroscopic bandwidth. Our results show that the total photoelectron energy can be suppressed but not enhanced, the maximal photoelectron intensity can be enhanced and also suppressed, and the photoelectron spectroscopy can be tremendously narrowed. These theoretical results can provide a feasible scheme to achieve the high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy and study the excited state structure in atomic and molecular systems.