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Optics Communications

Exact finite temperature quantum statistics of single atom electrodynamics in a cavity of arbitrary Q

G. S. Agarwal, R. Bullough, G. P. Hildred

Published Aug 1, 1986• 46 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(86)90038-6

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The Hanbury Brown–Twiss experiment for a beam of photons or atoms can be performed using counting experiments. We present the statistical distribution of single 133 Cs atoms detected by a high finesse microcavity, which acts as a point-like single-atom counter. The distribution of the arrival times of the atoms and the correlation between the atoms was obtained based on the full counting statistics of the beam emitted from the cavity. The bunching behavior of the thermal atomic beams is clearly observable using this type of atom–cavity system. The correlation between the cesium atoms depends on the temperature of the atom cloud, and the corresponding parameters may be found by fitting an experimentally measured curve using the theory of multimode thermal light.
Solutions of the basic equations of a simplified model of the cavity quantum electrodynamics are presented under the condition that the single-photon Rabi frequency is much larger than the cavity decay rate. Such solutions are used to calculate the quantum-statistical properties of the field and atomic observables under a variety of initial conditions involving the states of the field and atom. Effects of increasing cavity damping and of the addition of thermal photons on collapse and revival phenomena are discussed. Phase-sensitive aspects of the cavity field are also treated. Quantum effects are shown to be most easily isolated by sending an atom initially prepared in a dressed state for such a state does not evolve further under the influence of a classical field. The appearance of squeezing in the cavity field is demonstrated. The squeezing is most prominent for a coherently prepared atom passing through an empty cavity. The quantum features of the complex dipole moment and their detectability are also discussed in detail.