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Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference

Precision Measurements with ultra-cold Alkaline Earth Atoms

Jan W. Thomsen, Philip G. Westergaard, Rastin Matin, Michael J. Martin, Jun Ye

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Techniques of modern quantum optics allows for the preparation of ultra-cold atoms in well controlled quantum states ideal for precision measurements and tests of fundamental laws of physics. We report on our recent progress with precision measurements using alkaline earth atoms.
DOI
10.1364/laop.2012.ls4b.2

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Abstract Optical Raman lattices in ultra-cold alkali-metal and alkaline-earth atoms provide a powerful method to synthesize spin–orbit (SO) coupling. While the ground-state energy splittings (divided by Planck’s constant) can reach the range of tens of megahertz in alkali-metal atoms, the typical ground-state energy splittings are on the order of tens of kilohertz or smaller in alkaline-earth atoms (AEAs) such as 87 Sr. For AEAs, because such limited ground-state energy splittings are rather close to the kilohertz-scale recoil energy that is relevant for optical lattice physics, a standard implementation of a two-dimensional (2D) optical Raman lattice can lead to parasitic periodic moving potentials that heat up the atoms and severely limit the atomic lifetime. Recently, an improved optical Raman lattice scheme was proposed and experimentally realized in ultra-cold strontium fermions, which significantly enhanced the lifetime of 2D-SO-coupled fermions. However, a concrete electro-optical setup has yet to be demonstrated, and its control precision needs to be quantified. Here we demonstrate the electro-optical setup of an improved optical Raman lattice scheme that suppresses the effect of moving lattice potentials for alkaline-earth fermions by introducing a sufficiently large frequency separation between two sets of laser polarization components, where each set yields an independent Raman coupling. To quantify the precision of this setup, we feedback-control the relative phase between the two sets of Raman couplings, which is an important parameter characterizing the 1D–2D crossover of SO couplings, and measure the stability of this phase over hour-long periods. We also investigate the optimum range for the applied frequency separation. Our approach provides a useful tool that helps achieve long-lived SO-coupled systems using AEAs.
Techniques of modern quantum optics allows for the preparation of atoms in well controlled quantum states ideal for precision measurements and tests of fundamental laws of physics. We report on our recent progress with a highly stable and accurate optical atomic clock based on ultracold fermionic87Sr atoms confined in a one dimensional optical lattice. Currently, we have carried out a detailed evaluation of our clock at the 10−16level and can report stability at 2 x 10−15level at one second. At typical operating parameters for the clock we observe evidence of a density dependent clock shift. Operating the clock at a particular excitation ratio of ground state and excited clock state we observe a shift consistent with zero.