Electron-slit interaction in classical mechanics

Jiaqing Yan

The mainstream quantum mechanics uses “probability wave superposition and single-electron self-interference” to explain electron single-slit and double-slit diffraction. This theory deviates from the essential nature of real particle interactions and has fundamental logical flaws. The electron is a negatively charged real particle with a definite physical size and high-frequency transverse oscillation; a single real particle has no physical basis for self-interference. Abandoning the abstract probability wave hypothesis, this paper establishes a complete real-interaction model including electrostatic repulsion deflection, surface electron exchange, collision scattering, microscopic refraction, and barrier diffraction, based on the three-dimensional random transverse oscillation and charge repulsion of electrons. The model uniformly explains the real formation mechanism of electron single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference fringes. This paper proves that in single-electron sequential emission, each electron passes through only one slit; all bright and dark fringes are the statistical result of multiple microscopic interactions between electrons and slit walls or the central barrier. The disappearance of fringes under observation is caused by external disturbance to the inherent oscillation and wall-interaction equilibrium, not by wave function collapse. This paper further clarifies that whether an electron can pass through a slit is determined by its transverse oscillation amplitude, not by wavelength. Amplitude directly corresponds to slit width and is the core controlling variable of diffraction. Meanwhile, if no slit is placed, electrons flying directly to the screen produce no diffraction or interference fringes, proving that electrons themselves have no self-interference ability. Fringes are generated by slit structures, not by intrinsic wave interference of electrons. This study corrects the century-long misunderstanding of electron diffraction and establishes a new microscopic diffraction mechanism consistent with classical real-particle physics.

Francisco Carlos Lovey

Vladimir K. Ignatovich, K. E. Batkov

An idea of interpretation of quantum interference in classical terms is presented. Classical propagation of an electron through a slit in a perfectly conducting screen is considered. The change of the electron trajectory under influence of a nearby slit in the same screen is evaluated. The goal of this study is to see whether the influence of the second slit on the electron trajectory can be interpreted as interference in quantum mechanics.

Tore Wessel-Berg

Xiu-Zhe Luo, Zhi-Yuan Wei, Yong‐Jian Han +2 more

Superposition principle of wave function in multi-slit interference experiment has been widely accepted by many quantum mechanics textbooks, however the expression ${ψ_{AB}} = {ψ_A} + {ψ_B}$ does not strictly hold. The non-classical paths in Feynman path integral provide an explanation to the multi-path interference effect, and can be used to quantitatively analyse the multi-slit interference effect. In this work, we apply quantities in Bohmian mechanics to the measurement of multi-order interference by analysing the contribution of non-classical paths to Bohmian velocity in electron's multi-slit interferometer. The result shows that the non-classical paths effect will cause a relative deviation of $10^{-3}$ in electron's Bohmian velocity, which is observable by doing weak measurement similar to previous work.

F.J. Duarte, D. J. Paine