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International conference on fiber optics and photonics

Engineering the refractive index of lambda system using optical bistable field

Aswath Babu Hanumantharayappa

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Optical bistability is used to control the dispersion and absorption experienced by weak probe laser due to lambda system. We drive the system to exhibit periodic instability at lower input light strengths, and we explore nearby regime to achieve periodic refractive index and absorption.
DOI
10.1364/photonics.2012.w3b.4

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Refractive index and absorption experienced by a probe field propagating through a three-level atomic medium can be effectively manipulated by the bistable behavior of a control field. The probe field couples the lower transition of the atom in a ladder configuration and experiences normal or anomalous dispersion depending on the control field being in the upper or lower bistable state, respectively. We also obtain nonlinear dynamical instability in the form of periodic self-pulsing as the lower bistable branch becomes unstable, quite unlike earlier demonstrations of an unstable regime in the upper branch. Consequently, the susceptibility experienced by the probe field varies periodically in time as dictated by the control field self-pulsing.
We present a theoretical investigation on controlling the transverse shift while most of the researches are on longitudinal Goos-Hänchen shift. A two-layer system is considered. The refractive index of the first layer is fixed. The second layer is an atomic system coupled by a strong laser field to realize the Λ-style electromagnetically induced transparency, and an additional microwave field drives the transition between the lower two levels to construct high refractive index with zero absorption. We use such phenomenon to modify the refractive index, and consequently the transverse shift in reflection. The properties of the atomic system and the transverse shift of reflected field are briefly studied. Our investigation shows that the shift can be tuned by the strength of the microwave field. And since the atomic system is quite sensitive to the phase of the light fields, through which the transverse shift can be manipulated effectively. More importantly, the absorption is limited due to the presence of the microwave field.
This paper investigates the control role of the relative phase between the probe and driving fields on the gain, dispersion and populations in an open Λ system with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC). It shows that by adjusting the value of the relative phase, a change from lasing with inversion to lasing without inversion can be realized; the values and frequency spectrum regions of the inversionless gain and dispersion can be obviously varied; high refractive index with zero absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency can be achieved. It is also found that when the driving field is resonant, the shapes of the dispersion and the gain curves versus the probe detuning are very similar if the relative phase of the dispersion lags π/2 than that of the gain, however for the off-resonant driving field the similarity will disappear; the gain, dispersion and populations are periodical functions of the relative phase, the modulation period is always 2π; the contribution of SGC to the inversionless gain and dispersion is much larger than that of the dynamically induced coherence.