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Optics and Spectroscopy

Frequency dependence of the intensity of single-mode laser generation with homogeneous broadening

Nikolay N. Rosanov, T. V. Radina

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The absence of a dip in the generation intensity of a single-mode laser with homogeneous broadening as a function of the frequency detuning is demonstrated. It is shown that the contrary conclusion about the presence of such a dip presented in the literature is erroneous and is related to the use of the perturbation theory beyond the scope of its applicability.

DOI
10.1134/s0030400x10010236

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The absence of a dip in the generation intensity of a single-mode laser with homogeneous broadening as a function of the frequency detuning is demonstrated. It is shown that the contrary conclusion about the presence of such a dip presented in the literature is erroneous and is related to the use of the perturbation theory beyond the scope of its applicability.
We have compared the impact of loss, pump, and frequency modulations on a single-mode homogeneously broadened laser under varying detunings and modulation frequencies. In the case of loss and gain modulations the impact on intensity shows a minimal behavior at the line center for gain values more than twice the lasing threshold. The system relaxation time with respect to any transient perturbation depends on the magnitude of detuning and is minimal at the line center. In the case of frequency modulation, the impact on intensity vanishes at the line center irrespective of the gain values. These results are based on linear analysis.
We show that the dip in the intensity line shape of a single-mode laser can appear at definite experimental conditions in cases both of nonhomogeneously broadened line as well as homogeneously broadened line of the atomic transition. In both cases the dip is explained by the nonlinear character of the phenomenon. The saturation of the population difference of the involved atomic energy levels has its maximum in the vicinity of the line center. Therefore the saturation of the amplification is at maximum near the atomic line center, and, as a consequence, the lasing power is reduced.
The equations of motion for an inhomogeneously broadened laser operating off resonance in the neighborhood of threshold are solved. It is shown that the effects of detuning cannot be described just by a frequency-dependent laser pump parameter, but that the laser characteristics are modified in other ways also. The relative intensity fluctuations and the correlation time of the laser are calculated as a function of mean intensity and frequency, and it is shown that both are affected by detuning. These theoretical conclusions are then confirmed quantitatively by direct photoelectric counting and two-time correlation measurements of a He:Ne laser.