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Technical Physics Letters

On the possibility of observing the aharonov-bohm effect under nonstationary potential conditions

A. G. Chirkov, A. N. Ageev

Published Aug 1, 2000• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on a theoretical analysis of the nonstationary excitation of a solenoid, it is demonstrated for the first time that vector potentials exist in the space outside the solenoid which can, in the general case, provide conditions for observation of the Aharonov-Bohm effect.
DOI
10.1134/1.1307832

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"It is a known fact that there is no magnetic field outside an infinite solenoid carrying a constant current, althoughthere is magnetic vector potential non-null outside it. The existence of the Aharonov-Bohm effect (AB) is usuallyconsidered as proof of the relevance of the vector potential for quantum mechanics. In this paper we will see that thereis a non null electric field outside an infinite resistive solenoid carrying a constant current and its possible relevanceto the analysis of the Aharonov-Bohm effect. When calculating, we introduce the Galilean invariance of Maxwell´sequations and then we obtain the contribution to the AB effect due to electric potential."
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An experiment to observe the Aharonov-Bohm effect is discussed. A solenoid which consists of a large number of point magnetic dipoles is considered as the source of a vector potential, which acts on a charged particle, and such potential has an electromagnetic field of zero strength in the region of a nonzero vector potential. A detailed microscopic analysis of the change in the quantum state phase of the entire system, namely, a particle and a set of dipoles, reveals the origin of the apparent nonlocality of the action of the vector potential, and shows the locality of the phase change mechanism. An analysis of an experiment with a solenoid shielded by a superconducting shell is given.
The case where the magnetic flux inside an electronic loop varies with time is considered for an experiment in which the Aharonov-Bohm effect is observed. The electromagnetic field and potentials of a solenoid with an alternating current are studied. It is shown that the vector potential outside the solenoid contains a term corresponding to a zero electromagnetic field at the same point of space. This part of the potential (global potential) describes standing waves whose properties differ from those of ordinary electromagnetic waves and which can be conventionally called information potential waves. A method of detecting information waves is proposed involving an effect similar to the Aharonov-Bohm effect (quasi-Aharonov-Bohm effect). Unlike ordinary electromagnetic waves, these information waves are not involved in any energy interactions but they can carry information.