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Chinese Physics

Hanbury-Brown and Twiss type double-slit interference with photorefractive fanning light

Xiong Jun, Hong-Guo Li, Sun Xu-Juan, Lu-Fang Lin, Kaige Wang

Published Nov 2, 2006• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper reports that when an intense extraordinary-polarized laser beam illuminates a photorefractive BaTiO 3 crystal, the dynamic beam fanning light is formed to be a thermal-like light source with a long correlation time and wide spectral bandwidth. The experimental results of the first- and second-order double-slit interference with such photorefractive fanning light source, can be understood with the theoretical simulation in terms of Hanbury-Brown and Twiss effect.

DOI
10.1088/1009-1963/15/12/029

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This paper reports that when an intense extraordinary-polarized laser beam illuminates a photorefractive BaTiO 3 crystal, the dynamic beam fanning light is formed to be a thermal-like light source with a long correlation time and wide spectral bandwidth. The experimental results of the first- and second-order double-slit interference with such photorefractive fanning light source, can be understood with the theoretical simulation in terms of Hanbury-Brown and Twiss effect.
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In this experiment, the observation by Hanbury Brown and Twiss that light intensity fluctuations from an extended broadband source are spatially correlated is demonstrated with a quasi-thermal light source. Laser light is used to illuminate a ground glass screen and generate a diffraction pattern, also known as a speckle pattern. The speckle pattern is recorded using an electronic camera and analyzed. Calculated auto-correlations of the intensity fluctuations agree with theoretical results originating from speckle analysis.
Difference-phase (or Hanbury Brown--Twiss type) intensity interference of classical light is considered in higher orders in the intensity. It is shown that, while the visibility of sum-phase (NOON-type) interference for classical sources drops with the order of interference, the visibility of difference-phase interference has opposite behavior. For three-photon and four-photon interference of two coherent sources, the visibility can be as high as 81.8% and 94.4%, respectively. High-visibility three-photon and four-photon interference of space-time and polarization types has been observed in experiment, for both coherent and pseudothermal light.
In this thesis we investigate, experimentally and theoretically, many classical and quantum coherence effects of the light. Initially we investigate the interference patterns formation by nonlocal double slit using classical light sources and comparing the results with those using a twin photos light source generated by Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC). We demonstrate that the classical correlation in wave vectors, in beam splitter outs, is a sufficient condition to the interference pattern to exist. In this work we also investigate experimentally the influence of polarized nonlocal double slit and local double slit. Here is present a alternative Fano based interpretation to explain the reason why the polarization of correlated beam has not influence on pattern fringes. We presented also an investigation about the light source parameters influence on the ghost interference interference. We demonstrate experimentally the relationship between, the coherence and source size, and fringes visibility. We extended the concept of complementarity related to coherence and correlation using the changes of the reference beam coherence and observing it’s influence on the interference patterns of the local double slit. In near-field limit, we investigate the existence of conditionality in the wave vector limited by the aperture of objects placed on the classically correlated beams paths. We demonstrate that is possible to find conditionality between the light emitted through the slits apertures. All these experiments performed using the Brown Twiss intensity interferometer (HBT) served to investigate the difference between the transversal effects with quantum and classical incoherent light. Finally, we demonstrate the first experimental measurement demonstrating the polarization changes on the partially coherent light propagation induced by the coherence source changes. This phenomenom was investigated for the free space propagation and for a nonlinear medium modeled by a Kerr medium.
A third-order double-slit interference experiment with a pseudothermal light source in the high-intensity limit has been performed by actually recording the intensities in three optical paths. It is shown that not only can the visibility be dramatically enhanced compared to the second-order case as previously theoretically predicted and shown experimentally, but also that the higher visibility is a consequence of the contribution of third-order correlation interaction terms, which is equal to the sum of all contributions from second-order correlation. It is interesting that, when the two reference detectors are scanned in opposite directions, negative values for the third-order correlation term of the intensity fluctuations may appear. The phenomenon can be completely explained by the theory of classical statistical optics and is the first concrete demonstration of the influence of the third-order correlation terms.