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Optics Letters

Saturation spectroscopy and resonant degenerate four-wave mixing in Hg at 5461 nm

Martin Kroll

Published Apr 1, 1982• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Doppler-free saturation spectroscopy performed in an rf discharge in mercury vapor has made it possible to identify clearly all the central components of the 546.1-nm transition.Resonant degenerate four-wave mixing has also been observed in this system at this wavelength.
DOI
10.1364/ol.7.000151

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The observation of a new type of saturation effects in degenerate four-wave mixing in Na vapor is reported. The experimental configuration is neither counterpropagating nor velocity selective, and yet sub-Doppler high-resolution lines are observed at the atomic-transition frequencies, and at the weighted center of a Doppler-broadened distribution. These new features are the result of an interplay between absorption and saturation, and the inhomogeneous broadening is essential for their existence.
The nonlinear response of resonant saturable materials giving rise to degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) has been shown both experimentally and theoretically to provide the potential for very large efficiencies for phase conjugation and Doppler-free spectra for high resolution spectroscopy. The geometry for this interaction consists of two counter- propagating pumps (Ef and Ep) and a probe (Ep) intersecting the pumps at some angle θfp. The simultaneous action of one pump and the probe produces spatial hole burning resulting in a spatial modulation of the saturating absorption and dispersion which scatters the remaining pump to produce the signal.