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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Multiple scattering of quantum optical states

J. R. Ott, N. Asger Mortensen, Peter Lodahl

Published May 1, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Here we report on the predicted effects of quantum interference induced by combining an arbitrary number of quantum optical states in a random multiple scattering medium. We identify the role of quantum interference on the degree of photon correlations between two transmission paths through the medium and the degree of continuous variable entanglement. The investigation is performed using a scattering matrix formalism and based on random matrix theory. In this way the ensemble averaged 2-channel photon correlations Cοψ and the degree of entanglement εοψ between output modes a and β are related to the classical shortand long-range correlation functions, Cι and C2, and the average conductance g. The expressions are non-perturbative and valid in the entire mesoscopic regime.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe.2011.5943366

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Here we report on the predicted effects of quantum interference induced by combining an arbitrary number of quantum optical states in a random multiple scattering medium. We identify the role of quantum interference on the degree of photon correlations between two transmission paths through the medium and the degree of continuous variable entanglement. The investigation is performed using a scattering matrix formalism and based on random matrix theory. In this way the ensemble averaged 2-channel photon correlations Cοψ and the degree of entanglement εοψ between output modes a and β are related to the classical shortand long-range correlation functions, Cι and C2, and the average conductance g. The expressions are non-perturbative and valid in the entire mesoscopic regime.
We report on the effects of quantum interference induced by the transmission of an arbitrary number of optical quantum states through a multiple-scattering medium. We identify the role of quantum interference on the photon correlations and the degree of continuous variable entanglement between two output modes. It is shown that quantum interference survives averaging over all ensembles of disorder and manifests itself as increased photon correlations due to photon antibunching. Furthermore, the existence of continuous variable entanglement correlations in a volume speckle pattern is predicted. Our results suggest that multiple scattering provides a promising way of coherently interfering many independent quantum states of light of potential use in quantum information processing.
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Abstract We present the emergence of coherent two-photon backscattering, a manifestation of weak localization, in multiple scattering of maximally entangled pure and fully mixed two-photon states and examine the effect of entanglement and classical correlations. Quantum correlations in backscattering are investigated for finite three-dimensional disordered structures in the weak localization regime, as well as systems of a small number of scatterers with specified spatial arrangements. No assumptions are made about the statistical behavior of the scattering matrix elements. Furthermore, we study the interplay between quantum correlations induced by multiple scattering and the correlations that may be present in the illumination fields, and how they are manifested in the output modes. We study the effect of the dimensionality of the entanglement and the angular distribution of the jointly measurable photon pairs on the emergence of enhancement and angular quantum correlations and show how quantum correlations can be used as a probe of the entanglement dimensionality. We show that by increasing the disordered material density, the width of the coherent two-photon backscattering cones increases, in accordance with the reduction of the mean free path length within the structure.
We present the experimental realization of spatial quantum correlations of photons that are induced by multiple scattering of squeezed light. The quantum correlation relates photons propagating along two different light paths through the random medium and is infinite in range. Both positive and negative spatial quantum correlations are observed when varying the quantum state incident to the multiple scattering medium, and the strength of the correlations is controlled by the number of photons. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with recent theoretical proposals by implementing the full quantum model of multiple scattering.