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Quantum Electronics

Efficiency of anti-Stokes generation in nonstationary stimulated Raman scattering

N. I. Shamrov

Published Nov 30, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Nonstationary SRS equations are solved analytically for short samples in the approximation of a prescribed exciting field, and numerically for a longer medium taking into account the pumping depletion. The dependence of the energy of Stokes and anti-Stokes waves on their spatial mismatching is studied. The optimal angle of anti-Stokes generation is determined as a function of the length of the system, pump pulse energy, and the rate of transverse relaxation.

DOI
10.1070/qe2001v031n11abeh002088

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Nonstationary SRS equations are solved analytically for short samples in the approximation of a prescribed exciting field, and numerically for a longer medium taking into account the pumping depletion. The dependence of the energy of Stokes and anti-Stokes waves on their spatial mismatching is studied. The optimal angle of anti-Stokes generation is determined as a function of the length of the system, pump pulse energy, and the rate of transverse relaxation.
A theory of nonstationary stimulated Raman scattering is developed, allowing for the coupling between the Stokes and anti-Stokes waves. The main equations are solved in the asymptotic approximation, which is valid for large values of the gain. The dependences of the gain on the phase mismatch Δ k , pulse duration τ p , and cell length l are discussed and the optimal angle for the observation of the anti-Stokes rings is calculated. Moreover, the spectral distributions of the Stokes and anti-Stokes waves are considered.
A semiclassical model of nonstationary stimulated Raman scattering with account of forward and backward waves of different frequencies is proposed. Equations for the elements of a collective density matrix and electric-field amplitudes are obtained applying the averaging method. It is shown that forward waves are generated by a united polarization component, whereas each of the backward waves is formed by its own component. The description is based on the approximation of small scattering angles and assumes that the quantities considered do not depend on transverse coordinates. The emission dynamics of forward-backward Stokes pulses is investigated both for the linear case and under the strong depletion of pumping and level populations. The domain of applicability of the model of nonstationary forward stimulated Raman scattering is determined.
The influence of the scattering matrix elements that are responsible for the amplification of the Stokes and anti-Stokes components on the process of stimulated Raman scattering in the essentially nonstationary regime is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the optimum proportion between the scattering matrix elements, which maximizes the anti-Stokes component, is determined by the ratio between the optical frequencies of the components and the initial proportion between the intensities of the pump and initiating pulses. In the case of the optimum proportion between the scattering matrix elements, the variation in the excitation of a medium compensates the self-induced modulation of gain, and the efficiency of converting the radiation energy into the Stokes and anti-Stokes components increases substantially.
A calculation is made of the intensity of the Stokes radiation in the stimulated Raman scattering of ultrashort light pulses in a dispersive medium employing the asymptotic approximation for arbitrary modulation of the amplitude and phase of the pump pulse. Particular attention was paid to the effect of phase modulation on the stimulated Raman scattering. Calculations were also made of the intensity of the anti-Stokes component in the scattering of an ultrashort pulse in a dispersive medium and of the optimal angle for the observation of the anti-Stokes rings.
It is shown that transient anti-Stokes stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) acts as a vacuum field fluctuations amplifier at Stokes frequency, the fluctuations being amplified up to macroscopic values. This makes their investigation possible by studying macroscopic energy fluctuations of transient SRS anti-Stokes pulses. The proposed theory also gives a quantitative description of angular distribution of self-generated anti-Stokes emission around the exact phase-matching angle recently observed by Duncan et al. ( Opt. Lett. , 11 (1986) 803) in the transient regime.