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Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A

Relaxation des 5 1P1-Zustandes von Cadmium bei Stößen mit Edelgasatomen und Wasserstoffmolekülen

R. Pepperl

Published Jun 1, 1970• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The linewidth of the Hanle effect signal of the orientation and alignment of the resonance level 5 1P1 of the cadmium isotop Cd114 is measured as a function of the pressure of various noble gases, of hydrogen and deuterium. The cross sections for broadening of the orientation and alignment signals due to atomic collisions are derived from the pressure dependence of the linewidth. The multipole depolarization-cross sections were found to be In order to separate the depolarization effects from quenching effects in the case of hydrogen and deuterium polarization measurements of the resonance radiation were also undertaken. The alignment depolarization- and the quenching cross sections were found to

DOI
10.1515/zna-1970-0622

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Messung der Relaxation der Ausrichtung elektronenstoßangeregter Heliumzustände unter dem Einfluß von Eigenstößen und Kaskaden / Influence of Collisions and Cascades on the Measurement of Alignment Relaxation of Helium States Excited by Electron Impact

W. Schöck

Abstract Influence Using impact excitation, the measurement of alignment relaxation rates of atomic states is influenced by cascading transitions. The two methods for measuring the collisional depolarization, the Hanle-effect and the direct measurement of the polarization of the emitted radiation, were investigated theoretically and compared. The results were checked by measuring the depolarization of helium states excited by electron impact. The depolarization cross sections of the 3,4,5 3P-states were determined from Hanle-effect measurements as 1.8(4), 3.9(5), and 5.6(6) · 10-14 cm2 respectively.

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Pressure broadening of the Hanle effect in a neon discharge

C. Gerald Carrington, Alan Corney

Investigates the levels of the 2p 5 3p configuration of neon by studying the polarization of the light emitted by a dc neon discharge. The pressure broadening of the Hanle signals was studied and cross sections were obtained for the destruction of alignment for collisions with both helium and neon ground state atoms. The measurements have been made at 315 K and 85 K. The cross sections for the 2p 2 and 2p 6 levels (Paschen notation) change considerably with temperature, while the cross sections for other levels are almost independent of temperature.

Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics•Jun 1, 1971•41 citations

Depolarization of 6P322 cesium atoms, induced in collisions with noble gases

J. Guiry, L. Krause

Cross sections for relaxation of circular and linear polarization of $6^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ cesium atoms, induced in collisions with ground-state He, Ne, Ar, and Xe, have been determined by Zeeman scanning techniques. A fluorescence cell containing low-pressure cesium vapor together with a buffer gas was irradiated with circularly or linearly polarized 8521-\AA{} Cs resonance radiation, producing excited and polarized Cs atoms which became depolarized in subsequent collisions with the buffer-gas atoms. The resulting depolarization of the cesium resonance fluorescence was monitored in relation to buffer-gas pressure (0-10 Torr) and to the strength of the ambient magnetic field (0-10 kG). At low fields at which the nuclear spin $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ is coupled to the electronic angular momentum $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$, the measurements yielded depolarization cross sections $Q(\mathrm{circ}.)$ and $Q(\mathrm{lin}.)$, which agree within experimental error with theoretical values calculated for spin-coupled conditions. At kilogauss fields with $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ and $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$ decoupled, the experiments produced cross sections for disorientation and disalignment, which are also in satisfactory agreement with the appropriate theoretical predictions. The results indicate that the nuclear spin has a more pronounced effect on the collisional relaxation of the atomic dipole than of the quadrupole.

Physical Review A•Dec 1, 1976•13 citations

Orientation and alignment relaxation of the 3P2 states of sodium measured at high vapor densities

A.L.J. Burgmans

Orientation and alignment relaxation cross sections have been obtained for the $3^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $3^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ states of sodium by measuring resonance broadening of Hanle-effect signals at vapor densities up to about ${10}^{15}$ atoms/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$. In order to avoid reabsorption of the resonantly scattered light, the Hanle effect is measured in a region close to the wall of a specially constructed vapor cell. The width of the Hanle-effect signals is found to vary linearly with vapor density. The resulting cross sections for orientation and alignment relaxation are compared with theory.

Physical Review A•May 1, 1979•2 citations

Disorientation of Na(32P1/2) Atoms, Induced in Collisions with Noble Gases

B. Niewitecka, Tadeusz Skalinski, L. Krause

The cross sections for disorientation of 32P1/2 sodium atoms, induced in collisions with noble gas atoms, have been determined by following the depolarization of Na–D1 resonance fluorescence in relation to noble gas pressure. Sodium vapor at low density, mixed with a noble gas in a fluorescence cell, was irradiated with circularly polarized D1 resonance radiation and the resulting D1 resonance fluorescence, observed in an approximately backward direction, was analyzed with respect to circular polarization. The variation of the degree of polarization with gas pressure was interpreted on the basis of a 'J randomization' model for the collisions, and yielded the following disorientation cross sections which are appropriately corrected for effects due to nuclear spin. Na–He: 28.1 ± 4.0 Å2; Na–Ne: 27.8 ± 4.0 Å2; Na–Ar: 57.0 ± 8.0 Å2; Na–Kr: 78.0 ± 10 Å2; Na–Xe: 87.0 ± 13 Å2.

Canadian Journal of Physics•Oct 15, 1974•7 citations

Excitation et alignement des atomes de cadmium dans le niveau 6 3S1 par collision contre des atomes de mercure dans le niveau 6 1P1

Bernard Cheron, G. Cremer, D. Lecler +1 more

The excitation and alignment transfer resulting from the non-resonant second kind collision : Hg(6 1P1) + Cd(5 1S 0) → Hg(6 1S0) + Cd(6 3S 1) + 0.32 eV, at thermal velocity, has been studied by means of the Hanle effect. The alignment transfer rate was found to be α(2) = - 0.20 ± 0.05 .

Journal de Physique Lettres•Jan 1, 1974•5 citations
Abstract The linewidth of the Hanle effect signal of the orientation and alignment of the resonance level 5 1P1 of the cadmium isotop Cd114 is measured as a function of the pressure of various noble gases, of hydrogen and deuterium. The cross sections for broadening of the orientation and alignment signals due to atomic collisions are derived from the pressure dependence of the linewidth. The multipole depolarization-cross sections were found to be In order to separate the depolarization effects from quenching effects in the case of hydrogen and deuterium polarization measurements of the resonance radiation were also undertaken. The alignment depolarization- and the quenching cross sections were found to
Abstract Influence Using impact excitation, the measurement of alignment relaxation rates of atomic states is influenced by cascading transitions. The two methods for measuring the collisional depolarization, the Hanle-effect and the direct measurement of the polarization of the emitted radiation, were investigated theoretically and compared. The results were checked by measuring the depolarization of helium states excited by electron impact. The depolarization cross sections of the 3,4,5 3P-states were determined from Hanle-effect measurements as 1.8(4), 3.9(5), and 5.6(6) · 10-14 cm2 respectively.
Investigates the levels of the 2p 5 3p configuration of neon by studying the polarization of the light emitted by a dc neon discharge. The pressure broadening of the Hanle signals was studied and cross sections were obtained for the destruction of alignment for collisions with both helium and neon ground state atoms. The measurements have been made at 315 K and 85 K. The cross sections for the 2p 2 and 2p 6 levels (Paschen notation) change considerably with temperature, while the cross sections for other levels are almost independent of temperature.
Cross sections for relaxation of circular and linear polarization of 62P326^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}62P23​​ cesium atoms, induced in collisions with ground-state He, Ne, Ar, and Xe, have been determined by Zeeman scanning techniques. A fluorescence cell containing low-pressure cesium vapor together with a buffer gas was irradiated with circularly or linearly polarized 8521-\AA{} Cs resonance radiation, producing excited and polarized Cs atoms which became depolarized in subsequent collisions with the buffer-gas atoms. The resulting depolarization of the cesium resonance fluorescence was monitored in relation to buffer-gas pressure (0-10 Torr) and to the strength of the ambient magnetic field (0-10 kG). At low fields at which the nuclear spin $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ is coupled to the electronic angular momentum $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$, the measurements yielded depolarization cross sections Q(circ.)Q(\mathrm{circ}.)Q(circ.) and Q(lin.)Q(\mathrm{lin}.)Q(lin.), which agree within experimental error with theoretical values calculated for spin-coupled conditions. At kilogauss fields with $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ and $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$ decoupled, the experiments produced cross sections for disorientation and disalignment, which are also in satisfactory agreement with the appropriate theoretical predictions. The results indicate that the nuclear spin has a more pronounced effect on the collisional relaxation of the atomic dipole than of the quadrupole.
Orientation and alignment relaxation cross sections have been obtained for the 32P123^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}32P21​​ and 32P323^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}32P23​​ states of sodium by measuring resonance broadening of Hanle-effect signals at vapor densities up to about 1015{10}^{15}1015 atoms/cm3{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}cm3. In order to avoid reabsorption of the resonantly scattered light, the Hanle effect is measured in a region close to the wall of a specially constructed vapor cell. The width of the Hanle-effect signals is found to vary linearly with vapor density. The resulting cross sections for orientation and alignment relaxation are compared with theory.
The cross sections for disorientation of 32P1/2 sodium atoms, induced in collisions with noble gas atoms, have been determined by following the depolarization of Na–D1 resonance fluorescence in relation to noble gas pressure. Sodium vapor at low density, mixed with a noble gas in a fluorescence cell, was irradiated with circularly polarized D1 resonance radiation and the resulting D1 resonance fluorescence, observed in an approximately backward direction, was analyzed with respect to circular polarization. The variation of the degree of polarization with gas pressure was interpreted on the basis of a 'J randomization' model for the collisions, and yielded the following disorientation cross sections which are appropriately corrected for effects due to nuclear spin. Na–He: 28.1 ± 4.0 Å2; Na–Ne: 27.8 ± 4.0 Å2; Na–Ar: 57.0 ± 8.0 Å2; Na–Kr: 78.0 ± 10 Å2; Na–Xe: 87.0 ± 13 Å2.