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Physical Review Letters

Two-Photon Adiabatic Inversion

M. M. T. Loy

Published Aug 14, 1978• 76 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This Letter reports the first experimental observation of population inversion of a two-photon transition in N${\mathrm{H}}_{3}$ using the adiabatic rapid-passage technique. The population inversion was demonstrated by the observation of stimulated two-photon gain and emission. By use of this technique, the two-photon population relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ was measured.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.41.473

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Physical Review Letters•Feb 23, 2006•38 citations
This Letter reports the first experimental observation of population inversion of a two-photon transition in NH3{\mathrm{H}}_{3}H3​ using the adiabatic rapid-passage technique. The population inversion was demonstrated by the observation of stimulated two-photon gain and emission. By use of this technique, the two-photon population relaxation time T1{T}_{1}T1​ was measured.
I report the observation of population inversion by optical adiabatic rapid passage. These observations, on an NH3{\mathrm{NH}}_{3}NH3​ infrared transition with all the relevant parameters known, agree with theoretical expectations. The pressure dependence of T1{T}_{1}T1​, obtained by this technique, makes possible the first estimate of the collision-induced rotational lifetime of NH3{\mathrm{NH}}_{3}NH3​ in an excited band, which is significantly longer than the rotational lifetime in the ground vibrational band.
The transition probability PPP in the optical adiabatic rapid passage is calculated for a two-level model with dephasing. In the limit $\frac{{T}_{2}}{{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{p}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$, where T2{T}_{2}T2​ is the dephasing time and ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{p}$ is the time scale of passage through the resonance region, PPP is given by $P=\frac{[1\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}\frac{\ensuremath{\pi}{\ensuremath{\chi}}^{2}}{|\stackrel{\ifmmode \dot{}\else \.{}\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\omega}}|})]}{2}$ in which $\ensuremath{\chi}$ is the Rabi flopping frequency at resonance and $\stackrel{\ifmmode \dot{}\else \.{}\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\omega}}$ is the time derivative of the offset angular frequency. Generally, PPP takes its maximum value at an intermediate $\stackrel{\ifmmode \dot{}\else \.{}\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\omega}}$ for fixed $\ensuremath{\chi}$ and is bounded by the above formula and by $P=1\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}\frac{\ensuremath{\pi}{\ensuremath{\chi}}^{2}}{2|\stackrel{\ifmmode \dot{}\else \.{}\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\omega}}|})$, which gives the asymptotic value in the limit $\frac{{T}_{2}}{{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{p}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$.
This Letter report the application of the Stark-switching technique to study the two-photon coherent precession effect. Using this technique, I have made the first time-do-main measurement of the collision-induced dephasing time in a two-photon transition in NH3{\mathrm{H}}_{3}H3​, and the result is compared with pressure-broadening measurements in the frequency domain.
Coherent population transfer in an atom using a sequence of adiabatic rapid passages through single-photon resonances is well-known, but it requires that the frequency sweep match the changing frequencies of the atomic transitions. The same population transfer can be effected via a single multiphoton adiabatic rapid passage, which requires only a small frequency sweep, if it is possible to select the desired multiphoton transition from the many possible transitions. Here we report the observation of population transfer between Rydberg states by high order multiphoton adiabatic rapid passage.