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Science China Physics Mechanics and Astronomy

First experimental demonstration of an exact quantum search algorithm in nuclear magnetic resonance system

Yang Liu, Feihao Zhang

Published Apr 8, 2015• 9 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11433-015-5661-z

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Using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques with a solution of chloroform molecules we implement Grover's search algorithm for a system with four states. By performing a tomographic reconstruction of the density matrix during the computation good agreement is seen between theory and experiment. This provides the first complete experimental demonstration of loading an initial state into a quantum computer, performing a computation requiring fewer steps than on a classical computer, and then reading out the final state.
A quantum Fourier transform (QFT) has been implemented on a three qubit nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer to extract the periodicity of an input state. Implementation of a QFT provides a first step towards the realization of Shor's factoring and other quantum algorithms. The experimental implementation of the QFT on a periodic state is presented along with a quantitative measure of its efficiency measured through state tomography. Experimentally realizing the QFT is a clear demonstration of the ability of NMR to control quantum systems.
With a three-bit nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computer, we have experimentally realized a quantum search algorithm that can take a desired function value (or target) t as its input and give the corresponding function argument x0{x}_{0}x0​ such that f(x0)=t{f(x}_{0})=tf(x0​)=t as a result. The function value is not retrieved from an existing table, but evaluated by the search algorithm in the manner of a typical algorithmic search. A single-query version of the quantum search algorithm is used to search for one of two function arguments.