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Annalen der Physik

Can EPR-correlations be used for the transmission of superluminal signals?

Peter Mittelstaedt

Published Dec 1, 1998• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In a compound quantum system with EPR–like correlations a measurement of one subsystem induces instantaneously changes of the other subsystem, irrespective of the relative distance of the two subsystems. We consider several arguments which were put forward in recent years in order to show that these nonlocal effects cannot be used for superluminal communication. It turns out that the arguments mentioned above are merely plausible but not really stringent and convincing. This means that the question in the title of this paper is still open.

DOI
10.1002/(sici)1521-3889(199812)7:7/8<710::aid-andp710>3.0.co;2-g

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In a compound quantum system with EPR–like correlations a measurement of one subsystem induces instantaneously changes of the other subsystem, irrespective of the relative distance of the two subsystems. We consider several arguments which were put forward in recent years in order to show that these nonlocal effects cannot be used for superluminal communication. It turns out that the arguments mentioned above are merely plausible but not really stringent and convincing. This means that the question in the title of this paper is still open.
Abstract In a compound quantum system with EPR–like correlations a measurement of one subsystem induces instantaneously changes of the other subsystem, irrespective of the relative distance of the two subsystems. We consider several arguments which were put forward in recent years in order to show that these nonlocal effects cannot be used for superluminal communication. It turns out that the arguments mentioned above are merely plausible but not really stringent and convincing. This means that the question in the title of this paper is still open.
The possible connection between EPR correlations and superluminal interactions, as suggested by Bell and Bohm, is discussed using simple and palpable arguments: (a) It is shown how an experiment based on time-like events can allow us to answer the question "Can a measurement performed on one of the photons of an entangled pair change the state of the other?" (b) The theorem on superluminal finite-speed causal influences and superluminal signaling, introduced by Scarani and Gisin, is reexamined. (c) It is shown how faster-than-light interactions and Lorentz transformations might peacefully coexist.
We propose a thought experiment for classical superluminal signal transmission based on the quantum nonlocal influence of photons on their momentum entangled EPR twins. The signal sender measures either position or momentum of particles in a pure ensemble of the entangled pairs, leaving their twins as localized particles or plane waves. The signal receiver distinguishes these outcomes interferometrically using a double slit interferometer modified by a system of optical filters. Since the collapse of the wavefunction is postulated to be instantaneous, this signal can be transmitted superluminally. We show that the method circumvents the no-signalling theorem because the receiver is able to modify the disentangled wavefunction before his measurement. We propose a plan for the possible practical realization of a superluminal quantum telegraph based on the thought experiment.
Based upon quantum entanglement, a simple algorithm for instantaneous transmission of messages (chosen at random) to remote distances is proposed. A special class of situations when such transmissions are useful, is outlined. Quantum nonlocality arising from entasgled states is the most fundamental and the most mysterious phenomenon in quantum mechanics, and it is in the core of quantum information theory. Fomally quantum nonlocality follows from the SchrMinger equation; however, its physical meaning is still unclear despite successful experimental confirmation,"] and applications to teleportation, cryptography and computing[21. The most attractive aspect of quantum nonlocality is associated with instantaneous transmissions of messages. However, practical applications of this effect are restricted by the postulate adopted by many authors[31 that these messages cannot deliver any information. That is why all the quantum teleportation algorithms must include an adltional (classical) channel.[21. Returning to this postulate, we would like to emphasize that it is implied that the