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Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

A singular light dragging effect

M. Artoni, Iacopo Carusotto, Giuseppe Carlo La Rocca, F. Bassani

Published Aug 1, 2002• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We discuss the phenomenon of upstream bending of a light ray and we anticipate that such an anomalous effect can be observed in a coherently driven sample of cuprous oxide (Cu2O). We here examine the material parameters and the driving configurations that lead to upstream bendings of considerable magnitude.
DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/4/4/318

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We theoretically study how the phase of a light plane wave propagating in a resonant medium under electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is affected by the uniform motion of the medium. For cuprous oxide (Cu2O), where EIT can be implemented through a typical pump-probe configuration, the resonant probe beam experiences a phase shift (Fresnel-Fizeau effect) that may vary over a wide range of values, positive or negative, and even vanishing, due to the combined effects of the strong frequency dispersion and anisotropy both induced by the pump. The use of such a coherently driven dragging medium may improve by at least 1 order of magnitude the sensitivity at low velocity in optical drag experiments.
A light beam normally incident upon an uniformly moving dielectric medium is, in general, subject to bendings due to a transverse Fresnel-Fizeau light drag effect. In most familiar dielectrics, the magnitude of this bending effect is very small and hard to detect. Yet, the effect can be dramatically enhanced in strongly dispersive media where slow group velocities in the m/s range have been recently observed taking advantage of the electromagnetically induced transparency effect. In addition to the usual downstream drag that takes place for positive group velocities, we discuss a significant anomalous upstream drag which is expected to occur for negative group velocities. Furthermore, for sufficiently fast speeds of the medium, higher-order dispersion terms are found to play an important role and to be responsible for light propagation along curved paths or the restoration of the time and space coherence of an incident noisy beam. The physics underlying this class of slow-light effects is thoroughly discussed.
Emission coherence is crucial for quantum photonic technologies like single-photon emitters. However, emission from most bulk semiconductors suffers from severely limited coherence times under non-resonant excitation, typically in the femtosecond to picosecond range. In this study, we investigate the temporal coherence properties of excitons in cuprous oxide (Cu2O) using interferometric Fourier spectroscopy. We reveal a coherence time of approximately 24 ps and a homogeneous linewidth of 0.017 nm (55 μeV) at 4.7 K under non-resonant two-photon excitation. We also analyze the impact of relaxation, scattering, and the experimental setup on the decrease in coherence time. The 1S orthoexciton shows robust photoluminescence intensity and negligible spectral diffusion over 120 min. These results suggest that Cu2O presents itself as an exceptional material for generating indistinguishable single photons, demonstrating considerable potential for advanced applications in quantum photonics.