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The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Evolution of phonon noise and phonon state preparation in a model for generation of hypersonic phonons by laser

Jin-Hua Chai, Guang‐Can Guo

Published Feb 1, 1998• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The evolution of phonon noise and the quantum correlation between phonon and photon in a model of the generation of hypersonic phonons by laser have been analyzed according to the quantum theory. The cases of perfect phase matching, phase mismatch, and losses have been discussed, respectively. It is shown that the phonon state preparation can be performed by measuring a quadrature component of the idle light field under certain conditions.

DOI
10.1121/1.421203

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The evolution of phonon noise and the quantum correlation between phonon and photon in a model of the generation of hypersonic phonons by laser have been analyzed according to the quantum theory. The cases of perfect phase matching, phase mismatch, and losses have been discussed, respectively. It is shown that the phonon state preparation can be performed by measuring a quadrature component of the idle light field under certain conditions.
Electromagnetic fields, with the noise on one quadrature component reduced to below the quantum mechanical zero-point fluctuation level and the noise on the other quadrature component enhanced to above it, are currently of great interest in quantum optics because of their potential applications to various precision measurements. Such squeezed states of light are usually produced by imposing nonlinear unitary evolution on coherent (or vacuum) states. On the other hand, squeezed states with reduced photon number noise and enhanced phase noise are generated directly by a constant current-driven semiconductor laser. This is the simplest scheme for the generation of nonclassical light, and so far it has yielded the largest quantum noise reduction. The mutual coupling between a lasing junction and an external electrical circuit provides opportunities for exploring the macroscopic and microscopic quantum effects in open systems.
State purity is a key resource for experimental tests of quantum mechanics with massive objects. Cavity cooling of a levitated nanoparticle via coherent scattering stands out as a strategy to prepare highly pure states of its roto-translational motion. In several cases, though, the performance of cooling by coherent scattering is limited by the classical fluctuations of the laser field. Here we present a quantum theory of coherent-scattering experiments which includes the effect of the laser amplitude and phase noise. We derive a master equation for the noise-averaged particle's dynamics, valid for both center-of-mass and rotational degrees of freedom, and quantify the cooling performance for different levels of noise in state-of-the-art experiments. We compute approximate analytical expressions for the laser-noise-induced heating rates and excess phonon number in both regimes of weak and strong optomechanical coupling. Moreover, our model can be applied to laser noise processes with generic power spectral densities and finite correlation times. This work offers a toolbox to quantify and optimize the state purity in coherent-scattering experiments, and opens new avenues towards the preparation of quantum states with levitated systems.