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Chinese Physics Letters

A Novel Mirror for Cold Molecules with a Semi-Gaussian Beam

Yin Ya-Ling, Qi Zhou, Yong Xia, Yin Jian-Ping

Published Sep 1, 2008• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a novel mirror for cold molecules with a blue-detuned semi-Gaussian beam and study the dynamic reflection process of cold molecules by Monte Carlo simulation. Our study shows that this mirror can realize a specular reflection of cold iodine molecular beam with a temperature of 30 mK by a reflectivity of 58.2% when the semi-Gaussian laser power is 1.0kW. When a semi-Gaussian CO 2 laser beam with a power of 5.8 kW is used, the reflectivity of this mirror can reach about 100%.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/25/9/033

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We propose a novel mirror for cold molecules with a blue-detuned semi-Gaussian beam and study the dynamic reflection process of cold molecules by Monte Carlo simulation. Our study shows that this mirror can realize a specular reflection of cold iodine molecular beam with a temperature of 30 mK by a reflectivity of 58.2% when the semi-Gaussian laser power is 1.0kW. When a semi-Gaussian CO 2 laser beam with a power of 5.8 kW is used, the reflectivity of this mirror can reach about 100%.
A novel and simple atomic mirror composed of a blue-detuned semi-Gaussian beam is proposed. From the Fresnel diffraction theory, the intensity distributions of a collimated Gaussian laser beam diffracted by the straight edge of a semi-infinite opaque plate are studied. The optical potential of the semi-Gaussian beam for 85 Rb atoms and its spontaneous emission probability are calculated and compared with the performance of the evanescent-wave mirror. Our study shows that the blue-detuned semi-Gaussian beam, as a novel atomic mirror, can be used to reflect atomic beam efficiently, and under the same beam parameters and lower normal atomic velocity, the performance of the semi-Gaussian-beam mirror is better than that of the evanescent-wave mirror.
We investigate the diffraction characteristics of an incident Gaussian beam cut by a straight edge bounding a semi-infinite opaque plane using Kirchhoff scalar wave theory in the Fresnel limit and propose a new and simple mirror scheme to reflect atoms by using the intensity gradient induced by a blue-detuned semi-Gaussian laser beam. The optical potential of the diffracted light of the knife-cut semi-Gaussian beam for 85 Rb atom and its spontaneous emission probability are calculated and compared with the performance of the evanescent-wave mirror. Our study shows that the optical potential of the diffracted light of the semi-Gaussian beam is far higher than that of the evanescent light wave and the maximum normal velocity of the incident atoms can be far greater than that of the evanescent light wave under the same parameters, so the blue-detuned semi-Gaussian beam, as a novel atomic mirror, can be used to efficiently reflect cold atoms with a normal velocity of greater than 1 m/s. However, the intensity gradient (force) of the diffracted light of the semi-Gaussian-beam is much smaller than that of the evanescent light wave, so its spontaneous emission probability is greater than that from the evanescent-wave when the normal velocity of incident atoms is greater.
A matter wave mirror using a single, pulsed, super-Gaussian (SG) optical beam for specular reflection of neutral ground-state molecules is studied. The mirror has a high reflectivity close to 100% and nearly perfect specular reflection over a large incident angle. This mirror avoids the usual problems due to surface roughness and the van der Waals interactions that occur in conventional atomic mirrors. Further, it is capable of reflectance and transmittance with applications to velocity filtering and deceleration of cold molecules.
We have demonstrated that cold atoms can be retroflected from a ferromagnetic surface by the Stern-Gerlach effect. When the surface is magnetized periodically, the reflectivity for suitably polarized atoms is $(94\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}8)%$ and the reflection is specular. A demagnetized surface is also highly reflecting but the reflections are diffuse. These magnetic processes are of interest for atom optics because they permit the manipulation of cold atoms without the use of laser beams. In our experiments, Rb atoms released from a magneto-optic trap (MOT) fall under gravity until they are reflected, after which they are recaptured in the MOT. Multiple bounces of these atoms have been studied for times up to 600 ms.
We propose a promising scheme to decelerate a CW molecular beam by using a red-detuned quasi-cw semi-Gaussian laser beam (SGB). We study the dynamical process of the deceleration for a CW deuterated ammonia (ND 3 ) molecular beam by Monte–Carlo simulation method. Our study shows that we can obtain a ND 3 molecular beam with a relative average kinetic energy loss of about 10% and a relative output molecular number of more than 90% by using a single quasi-cw SGB with a power of 1.5kW and a maximum optical well depth of 7.33mK.