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Physical Review A

Quantum feedback in a weakly driven cavity QED system

Joseph E. Reiner, Wade P. Smith, Luis A. Orozco, Howard M. Wiseman, Jay Gambetta

Published Aug 27, 2004• 39 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum feedback in strongly coupled systems can probe a regime where one quantum of excitation is a large fluctuation. We present theoretical and experimental studies of quantum feedback in an optical cavity QED system. The time evolution of the conditional state, following a photodetection, can be modified by changing the drive of the cavity. For the appropriate feedback, the conditional state can be captured in a new steady state and then released. The feedback protocol requires resonance operation, and proper amplitude and delay for the change in the drive. We demonstrate the successful use of feedback in the suppression of the vacuum Rabi oscillations for the length of the feedback pulse and their subsequent return to steady state. The feedback works only because we have an entangled quantum system, rather than an analogous correlated classical system.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.70.023819

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Quantum feedback in strongly coupled systems can probe a regime where one quantum of excitation is a large fluctuation. We present theoretical and experimental studies of quantum feedback in an optical cavity QED system. The time evolution of the conditional state, following a photodetection, can be modified by changing the drive of the cavity. For the appropriate feedback, the conditional state can be captured in a new steady state and then released. The feedback protocol requires resonance operation, and proper amplitude and delay for the change in the drive. We demonstrate the successful use of feedback in the suppression of the vacuum Rabi oscillations for the length of the feedback pulse and their subsequent return to steady state. The feedback works only because we have an entangled quantum system, rather than an analogous correlated classical system.
Photon correlation measurements reveal the response of the conditional evolution of the cavity QED system to a novel quantum feedback protocol. A photodetection collapses the state of the system and triggers a feedback pulse with an adjustable delay and amplitude that alters the intensity driving the system. The conditional evolution of the system freezes into a new steady state where it resides until, after an amount of time determined by the experimenter, it re-equilibrates into the original steady state. We carry out a sensitivity analysis using a theoretical model with atomic detuning and make quantitative comparisons with measured results.
We propose a scheme to control cavity quantum electrodynamics in the single photon limit by delayed feedback. In our approach a single emitter-cavity system, operating in the weak coupling limit, can be driven into the strong coupling-type regime by an external mirror: The external loop produces Rabi oscillations directly connected to the electron-photon coupling strength. As an expansion of typical cavity quantum electrodynamics, we treat the quantum correlation of external and internal light modes dynamically and demonstrate a possible way to implement a fully quantum mechanical time-delayed feedback. Our theoretical approach proposes a way to experimentally feedback control quantum correlations in the single photon limit.
We present an analytical solution of the single-photon quantum feedback in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system based on a half-cavity setup coupled to a structured continuum. Our exact analytical expression constitutes an important benchmark for quantum-feedback models and allows us to unravel the necessary conditions for the previously reported numerical result that a single-emitter-cavity system, which is initially in the weak-coupling regime, can be driven into the strong-coupling regime via the proposed quantum-feedback mechanism [A. Carmele et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 013601 (2013)]. We specify the phase relations between the cavity mode and the delay time and state explicitly the theoretical limit for a feedback effect in the single-photon regime. Via the photon-path representation, we prove that the stabilization phenomenon relies on a destructive interference effect and we discuss the stabilization time in the weak- and strong-coupling limits.
Abstract. We probe a ground-state superposition that produces a quantum beat in the intensity correlation of a two-mode cavity QED system. We mix drive with scattered light from an atomic beam traversing the cavity, and effectively measure the interference between the drive and the light from the atom. When a photon escapes the cavity, and upon detection, it triggers our feedback which modulates the drive at the same beat frequency but opposite phase for a given time window. This results in a partial interruption of the beat oscillation in the correlation function, that then returns to oscillate. 1.
We probe a ground-state superposition that produces a quantum beat in the intensity correlation of a two-mode cavity QED system. We mix drive with scattered light from an atomic beam traversing the cavity, and effectively measure the interference between the drive and the light from the atom. When a photon escapes the cavity, and upon detection, it triggers our feedback which modulates the drive at the same beat frequency but opposite phase for a given time window. This results in a partial interruption of the beat oscillation in the correlation function, that then returns to oscillate.