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Physical Review C

Feynman-Goldstone diagrams in a time-dependent basis

Michel Baranger, Ismail Zahed A

Published Mar 1, 1984• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A generalization of many-fermion Feynman-Goldstone diagrams is derived based on a time-dependent unperturbed Hamiltonian along with a time-dependent reference state. In lowest order, the time-dependent Hartree-Fock equations follow immediately from the same arguments which lead to static Hartree-Fock when the basis is time independent. Systematic corrections to the time-dependent Hartree-Fock mean-field approximation are obtained through higher order diagrams.[NUCLEAR STRUCTURE Generalization of Feynman-Goldstone diagrams to a time-dependent reference state. Diagrammatic derivation of the time-dependent Hartree-Fock equations and their systematic corrections.]

DOI
10.1103/physrevc.29.1005

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A generalization of many-fermion Feynman-Goldstone diagrams is derived based on a time-dependent unperturbed Hamiltonian along with a time-dependent reference state. In lowest order, the time-dependent Hartree-Fock equations follow immediately from the same arguments which lead to static Hartree-Fock when the basis is time independent. Systematic corrections to the time-dependent Hartree-Fock mean-field approximation are obtained through higher order diagrams.[NUCLEAR STRUCTURE Generalization of Feynman-Goldstone diagrams to a time-dependent reference state. Diagrammatic derivation of the time-dependent Hartree-Fock equations and their systematic corrections.]
A general method for a microscopic description of nuclear dynamical problems is discussed. The method is based on a functional integral representation for the many-body time evolution operator U(tf,ti)U({t}_{f},{t}_{i})U(tf​,ti​). In the stationary phase limit, a time-dependent mean-field approximation for the matrix elements of UUU is obtained. Using standard procedures this allows for extraction of quantum mechanical information about bound states, tunneling, or scattering phenomena in a many-nucleon system. The approximation represents a natural generalization of the time-dependent Hartree-Fock method.NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, NUCLEAR REACTIONS derived mean-field approximation for matrix elements of $\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}iHt)$ from exact functional integral; discussed relation to static HF, TDHF, and scattering calculations.
A general hierarchy of approximations to the many-body Schr\"odinger equation is presented which reduces to the time-dependent mean-field approximation in lowest order and provides systematic corrections in subsequent orders. The theory is applied to two interacting systems described by the Lipkin model Hamiltonian. Comparison of the results of the lowest two orders of approximation with the exact solution demonstrates the practicality of the method and its potential for generalizing nuclear dynamics beyond the mean field theory.NUCLEAR STRUCTURE Time-dependent approximation to nuclear dynamics. Corrections to time-dependent mean-field theory. Solution of Lipkin model for two interacting systems.
It is well known that in the Goldstone theory of many-fermion systems certain higher-order diagrams are included in the third-order diagrams if the hole self-energy is evaluated on the energy shell. In this paper a similar generalization of fourth-order diagrams is carried out. With this generalization, the Hartree-Fock potential UUU which cancels the third-order diagrams no longer cancels the fourth-order diagrams as well as before. The lack of cancellation is evaluated in two simple cases using the reference approximation, and found to be large in one case, small in the other.
The time-dependent Hartree and Hartree-Fock equations provide effective mean-field descriptions for the dynamics of large fermionic systems and play a fundamental role in many areas of physics. In this work, we rigorously derive the time-dependent Hartree equations as the large-NNN limit of the microscopic Schrödinger dynamics of NNN fermions confined to a volume of order one and interacting via strong pair potentials. A central step in our analysis is the implementation of time-dependent gauge transformations, which eliminate the dominant contribution from the interaction potential in both the Schrödinger and Hartree evolutions.