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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Single-photon time-encoded ebits: remote preparation and homodyne tomography characterization

Milena D’Angelo, Alessandro Zavatta, Valentina Parigi, Marco Bellini

Published Aug 31, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a review of our recent studies concerning remotely prepared entangled bits (ebits) made of a single photon coherently delocalized between two well-separated temporal modes (or time bins). The preparation scheme represents a remotely tunable source for tailoring arbitrary ebits, whether maximally or non-maximally entangled, which is highly desirable for applications in quantum information technology. The remotely prepared ebit is analyzed by performing both single-mode and two-mode homodyne tomography with the ultra-fast balanced homodyne detection scheme recently developed in our lab. Beside the non-classical behavior typical of single-photon Fock states (negative values around the origin), the reconstructed two-mode Wigner function is found to be characterized by an intriguing phase and by correlations between the two distant time bins sharing the single photon.

DOI
10.1117/12.680451

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We present a review of our recent studies concerning remotely prepared entangled bits (ebits) made of a single photon coherently delocalized between two well-separated temporal modes (or time bins). The preparation scheme represents a remotely tunable source for tailoring arbitrary ebits, whether maximally or non-maximally entangled, which is highly desirable for applications in quantum information technology. The remotely prepared ebit is analyzed by performing both single-mode and two-mode homodyne tomography with the ultra-fast balanced homodyne detection scheme recently developed in our lab. Beside the non-classical behavior typical of single-photon Fock states (negative values around the origin), the reconstructed two-mode Wigner function is found to be characterized by an intriguing phase and by correlations between the two distant time bins sharing the single photon.
e present a review of our recent studies concerning remotely prepared entangled bits (ebits) made of a single photon coherently delocalized between two well-separated temporal modes (or time bins). The preparation scheme represents a remotely tunable source for tailoring arbitrary ebits, whether maximally or non-maximally entangled, which is highly desirable for applications in quantum information technology. The remotely prepared ebit is analyzed by performing both single-mode and two-mode homodyne tomography with the ultra-fast balanced homodyne detection scheme recently developed in our lab. Beside the non-classical behavior typical of single-photon Fock states (negative values around the origin), the reconstructed two-mode Wigner function is found to be characterized by an intriguing phase and by correlations between the two distant time bins sharing the single photon.
We propose and experimentally verify a novel method for the remote preparation of entangled bits (ebits) made of a single photon coherently delocalized between two well-separated temporal modes. The proposed scheme represents a remotely tunable source for tailoring arbitrary ebits, whether maximally or non-maximally entangled, which is highly desirable for applications in quantum information technology. The remotely prepared ebit is studied by performing two-mode homodyne tomography with an ultra-fast time-domain balanced homodyne detection scheme recently developed in our laboratory.
We propose and experimentally verify a novel method for the remote preparation of entangled bits (ebits) made of a single photon coherently delocalized in two well-separated temporal modes. The proposed scheme represents a remotely tunable source for tailoring arbitrary ebits, whether maximally or nonmaximally entangled, which is highly desirable for applications in quantum information technology. The remotely prepared ebit is studied by performing homodyne tomography with an ultrafast balanced homodyne detection scheme recently developed in our laboratory.
We have developed a technique for dual-temporal-mode, ultrafast, time-domain, balanced homodyne detection. We have tested it by performing homodyne measurements on pairs of picosecond-duration temporal modes (or “time bins”) carrying a delocalized single photon. The experimental homodyne data have been used to reconstruct both the density matrix and the two-mode Wigner function of the delocalized state, thus showing the correlations existing between the pair of temporal modes carrying the single photon.
A single-photon Fock state has been generated by means of conditional preparation from a two-photon state emitted in the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion. A recently developed high-frequency homodyne tomography technique has been used to completely characterize the Fock state by means of a pulse-to-pulse analysis of the detectors' difference photocurrent. The density matrix elements of the generated state have been retrieved with a final detection efficiency of about 57%. A comparison has been performed between the phase-averaged tomographic reconstructions of the Wigner function as obtained from the measured density-matrix elements and from a direct Abel transform of the homodyne data. The ability of our system to work at the full repetition rate of the pulsed laser (82MHz)(82\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz})(82MHz) substantially simplifies the detection scheme, allowing for more ``exotic'' quantum states to be generated and analyzed.
We have reconstructed the quantum state of optical pulses containing single photons using the method of phase-randomized pulsed optical homodyne tomography. The single-photon Fock state 1> was prepared using conditional measurements on photon pairs born in the process of parametric down-conversion. A probability distribution of the phase-averaged electric field amplitudes with a strongly non-Gaussian shape is obtained with the total detection efficiency of (55+/-1)%. The angle-averaged Wigner function reconstructed from this distribution shows a strong dip reaching classically impossible negative values around the origin of the phase space.