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Physica C Superconductivity

Vortex structure in weak to strong coupling superconductors: Crossover from BCS to BEC

Masahiko Machida, Tomio Koyama, Yoji Ohashi

Published May 16, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physc.2006.03.113

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We study the crossover from the weak coupling Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) state to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) at strong coupling in a two-band superconductor with orbitals of opposite parity coexisting at a common Fermi surface in the metallic state. In such systems hybridization can play a role similar to spin-orbit interaction in fermionic spinor gases, enhancing interband pairing and opening the possibility for driving the BCS-BEC crossover. Building on a mean-field analysis, we investigate the BCS-BEC crossover induced by a variation of the hybridization strength. We show that the relevant scale for the crossover depends strongly on the ratio of effective masses, with the crossover favored in systems with one dispersive and one flat band. Including the effect of thermal pair fluctuations in a one-loop approximation, we calculate the dependence of the critical temperature on the microscopic parameters in the strong coupling regime.
We study the evolution of the pairing from weak to strong coupling on a honeycomb lattice by quantum Monte Carlo. We show numerical evidence of the BCS-Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover as the coupling strength increases on a honeycomb lattice with small Fermi surface by measuring a wide range of observables: double occupancy, spin susceptibility, local pair correlation, and kinetic energy. Although at low energy, the model sustains Dirac fermions, we do not find significant qualitative difference in the BCS-BEC crossover as compared to those with an extended Fermi surface, except at weak-coupling, BCS regime.