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International Journal of Modern Physics B

DYNAMICS OF BRIGHT MATTER WAVE SOLITONS IN A BOSE–EINSTEIN CONDENSATE

F. Kh. Abdullaev, A. Gammal, A. M. Kamchatnov, Lauro Tomio

Published Sep 7, 2005• 187 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Recent experimental and theoretical advances in the creation and description of bright matter wave solitons are reviewed. Several aspects are taken into account, including the physics of soliton train formation as the nonlinear Fresnel diffraction, soliton-soliton interactions, and propagation in the presence of inhomogeneities. The generation of stable bright solitons by means of Feshbach resonance techniques is also discussed.

DOI
10.1142/s0217979205032279

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Recent experimental and theoretical advances in the creation and description of bright matter wave solitons are reviewed. Several aspects are taken into account, including the physics of soliton train formation as the nonlinear Fresnel diffraction, soliton-soliton interactions, and propagation in the presence of inhomogeneities. The generation of stable bright solitons by means of Feshbach resonance techniques is also discussed.
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We report the production of matter-wave solitons in an ultracold lithium-7 gas. The effective interaction between atoms in a Bose-Einstein condensate is tuned with a Feshbach resonance from repulsive to attractive before release in a one-dimensional optical waveguide. Propagation of the soliton without dispersion over a macroscopic distance of 1.1 millimeter is observed. A simple theoretical model explains the stability region of the soliton. These matter-wave solitons open possibilities for future applications in coherent atom optics, atom interferometry, and atom transport.
Bright-soliton train creation and evolution in a Bose-Einstein condensate is simulated numerically using the experimental conditions of K. E. Strecker et al. [Nature 417, 150 (2002)] as a starting point. We identify the controlling factors that dictate soliton number, phase imprinting, and stability. Reliable production of multiple phase-engineered condensed-matter pulses can have practical applications to future nonlinear atom optics experiments, which we illustrate with an example of colinear scattering between repulsive solitons.