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Optics Letters

Coherent time-domain data storage with a spread spectrum generated by random biphase shifting

Yu Bai, Ravinder Kachru

Published Jul 15, 1993• 28 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report time-domain data storage of as much as 1.6 kbits at a rate of 40 Mbits/s in Eu3+:YOS. Use of a pseudorandom biphase shifting technique to spread the data spectrum proved to be of critical importance in preventing saturation of the transition by the long data pulse train. The experimentally inferred storage capacity, ≳ 5 × 104 bits/spatial spot, plus the competitive single-channel throughput rate, demonstrate the potential of this optical memory.

DOI
10.1364/ol.18.001189

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The photon-echo memory[1], or the time-domain optical data storage, resembles the hole-burning memory [2] in that the inhomogeneous absorption line of a material is employed as a storage medium and the information is stored in it as a frequency-dependent absorption change with the resolution determined by the homogeneous width. Having the common memory capacity N given by the inhomogeneous-to-homogeneous width ratio, both types of memories share common problems like low-temperature operation, spectral diffusion and so on. Although a storage medium is common, storage techniques are definitely different for the two memories. The photon-echo memory utilizes the temporal interference effect between a reference pulse and a data pulse and their interference pattern is stored as a population grating in the frequency domain. In this sense this is a time-domain analog of holography where the spatial interference pattern between a reference beam and a data beam is stored in a medium as a population grating in the real space. Like the spatially diffracted beam from the read beam gives the information stored in the hologram, the “temporally diffracted pulse", or the photon echo, after the read pulse can give the information stored in the inhomogeneous distribution.

Spectral Hole-Burning and Related Spectroscopies: Science and Applications•Jan 1, 1991•1 citation
We report time-domain data storage of as much as 1.6 kbits at a rate of 40 Mbits/s in Eu3+:YOS. Use of a pseudorandom biphase shifting technique to spread the data spectrum proved to be of critical importance in preventing saturation of the transition by the long data pulse train. The experimentally inferred storage capacity, ≳ 5 × 104 bits/spatial spot, plus the competitive single-channel throughput rate, demonstrate the potential of this optical memory.
We report a novel technique for storing digital optical data in coherent time-domain optical memory to circumvent the problem of coherent saturation. In this technique, the carrier frequency of a data stream to be stored is slowly chirped so its power is spread over the data bandwidth for maximum data storage. In a proof-of-concept experiment, a total of 500 bits of data were stored at a rate of 20 Mbits/s in a 45-MHz-wide channel within the inhomogeneous line of the (7)F(0)-(5)D(l) transition in Eu(3+):Y(2)SiO(5). The result suggests a minimum storage density of ~1.5 Gbits/cm(3) for this transition. Issues related to the storage of frequency-chirped data, such as the optimum chirp width and the saturation owing to peak-sidelobe interference, are also discussed.
We propose and demonstrate a novel type of frequency-selective optical memory that writes and reads the data in both the time domain and the frequency domain. Temporal 16-bit data were stored by accumulated-photon-echo bit-by-bit storage at 103 frequency addresses within the inhomogeneous line of the (7)F(0)-(5)D(0) transition of Eu(3+):Y(2)SiO(5), which yields a total memory capacity of 1.6 kbits in a single spot of 240-microm diameter. The keys to the success of this experiment are this material's long dephasing time and lack of spectral diffusion.
We demonstrate that temporally long laser pulses with appropriate phase modulation can replace either temporally brief or frequency-chirped pulses in a time-domain optical memory to store and retrieve information. A 1.65-µs-long write pulse was biphase modulated according to the 13-bit Barker code for storing multiple bits of optical data into a Pr(3+):YAlO(3) crystal, and the stored information was later recalled faithfully by using a read pulse that was identical to the write pulse. Our results further show that the stored data cannot be retrieved faithfully if mismatched write and read pulses are used. This finding opens up the possibility of designing encrypted optical memories for secure data storage.
We propose a novel approach to time-domain storage of serial optical data. In this approach, two identical impulse- equivalent sequences are used as write and read pulses to store and later retrieve optical information. These pulse sequences are both amplitude- and phase-modulated in such a way that their autocorrelations resemble, as closely as theoretically possible, the autocorrelation of a single large brief pulse to ensure faithful data retrieval. Such impulse-equivalent sequences are known to exist for all lengths, permitting the storage of large bandwidth data. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we have successfully stored a 42-microsecond long stream containing 420 bits of data in a 40-MHz spectral channel in a Eu3+:Y2SiO5 crystal. The stored data was repeatedly recalled for up to eight times with high signal fidelity, showing no measurable sidelobe-induced noise.
The photon-echo memory[1], or the time-domain optical data storage, resembles the hole-burning memory [2] in that the inhomogeneous absorption line of a material is employed as a storage medium and the information is stored in it as a frequency-dependent absorption change with the resolution determined by the homogeneous width. Having the common memory capacity N given by the inhomogeneous-to-homogeneous width ratio, both types of memories share common problems like low-temperature operation, spectral diffusion and so on. Although a storage medium is common, storage techniques are definitely different for the two memories. The photon-echo memory utilizes the temporal interference effect between a reference pulse and a data pulse and their interference pattern is stored as a population grating in the frequency domain. In this sense this is a time-domain analog of holography where the spatial interference pattern between a reference beam and a data beam is stored in a medium as a population grating in the real space. Like the spatially diffracted beam from the read beam gives the information stored in the hologram, the “temporally diffracted pulse", or the photon echo, after the read pulse can give the information stored in the inhomogeneous distribution.