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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Non-equilibrium dephasing in ballistic interferometers

Y Yamauchi, Masayuki Hashisaka, Shuji Nakamura, Kensaku Chida, Shinya Kasai, Teruo Ono, Renaud Leturcq, K. Ensslin, Daniel C. Driscoll, Arthur C. Gossard, Kensuke Kobayashi

Published Nov 1, 2009• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

It was recently reported that the interference visibility in electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometers behaves unexpectedly in the non-equilibrium regime. Here we report an experiment on non-equilibrium dephasing in two different kinds of electron interferometers. Our results indicate that there exist some universal factors in the dephasing phenomenon in ballistic systems.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/193/1/012045

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It was recently reported that the interference visibility in electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometers behaves unexpectedly in the non-equilibrium regime. Here we report an experiment on non-equilibrium dephasing in two different kinds of electron interferometers. Our results indicate that there exist some universal factors in the dephasing phenomenon in ballistic systems.
A non-perturbative treatment is developed for the dephasing produced by the shot noise of a one-dimensional electron channel. It is applied to two systems: a charge qubit and the electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), both of them interacting with an adjacent partitioned electronic channel acting as a detector. We find that the visibility (interference contrast) can display oscillations as a function of detector voltage and interaction time. This is a unique consequence of the non-Gaussian properties of the shot noise, and only occurs in the strong coupling regime, when the phase contributed by a single electron exceeds p. The resulting formula reproduces the recent surprising experimental observations reported in (I Neder et al 2006 Preprint cond-mat/0610634), and indicates a general explanation for similar visibility oscillations observed earlier in the MZI at large bias voltage. We explore in detail the full pattern of oscillations as a function of coupling strength, voltage and time, which might be observable in future experiments.
A non-perturbative treatment is developed for the dephasing produced by the shot noise of a one-dimensional electron channel. It is applied to two systems: a charge qubit and the electronic Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), both of them interacting with an adjacent partitioned electronic channel acting as a detector. We find that the visibility (interference contrast) can display oscillations as a function of detector voltage and interaction time. This is a unique consequence of the non-Gaussian properties of the shot noise, and only occurs in the strong coupling regime, when the phase contributed by a single electron exceeds π. The resulting formula reproduces the recent surprising experimental observations reported in (I Neder et al 2006 Preprint cond-mat/0610634), and indicates a general explanation for similar visibility oscillations observed earlier in the MZI at large bias voltage. We explore in detail the full pattern of oscillations as a function of coupling strength, voltage and time, which might be observable in future experiments.
We consider a ballistic Mach-Zehnder interferometer for electrons propagating chirally in one dimension (such as in an integer quantum Hall effect edge channel). In such a system, dephasing occurs when the finite range of the interaction potential is taken into account. Using the tools of bosonization, we discuss the decay of coherence as a function of propagation distance and energy. We supplement the exact solution by a semiclassical approach that is physically transparent and is exact at high energies. In particular, we study in more detail the recently predicted universal power-law decay of the coherence at high energies, where the exponent does not depend on the interaction strength. In addition, we compare against Keldysh perturbation theory, which works well for small interaction strength at short propagation distances.
We consider a ballistic Mach–Zehnder interferometer for electrons propagating chirally in one dimension (such as in an integer quantum Hall effect edge channel). In such a system, dephasing occurs when the finite range of the interaction potential is taken into account. Using the tools of bosonization, we discuss the decay of coherence as a function of propagation distance and energy. We supplement the exact solution by a semiclassical approach that is physically transparent and is exact at high energies. In particular, we study in more detail the recently predicted universal power-law decay of the coherence at high energies, where the exponent does not depend on the interaction strength. In addition, we compare against Keldysh perturbation theory, which works well for small interaction strength at short propagation distances.
In this paper the authors study the dependence of the visibility of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations of an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer upon the transmission properties of an additional quantum point contact placed in front of the interferometer's input. According to a theory by I. P. Levkivskyi and E. V. Sukhorukov ( Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 036801 (2009)), a non-equilibrium noise-induced phase transition is meant to occur when the transmission of the point contact equals 1/2. The authors present experimental evidence for the existence of this critical point.