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Physical Review B

Decoherence suppression of excitons in GaSe using three successive femtosecond optical pulses

T.E. Kishimoto, Atsushi Hasegawa, Yasuyoshi Mitsumori, Junko Ishi‐Hayase, Masahide Sasaki, F. Minami

Published Aug 30, 2006• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the first decoherence control of excitons which was performed on the model semiconductor GaSe by using successive three femtosecond pulses, i.e., the six-wave mixing configuration. The second pulse acts as a $\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulse which reverses the time evolution of non-Markovian dynamics. By changing the pulse interval conditions, we confirmed the suppression of exciton decoherence by $\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulse irradiation. From the analysis of the decoherence, it is also found that the six-wave mixing technique can successfully be applied to determine the reservoir parameters.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.74.073202

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We report the first decoherence control of excitons which was performed on the model semiconductor GaSe by using successive three femtosecond pulses, i.e., the six-wave mixing configuration. The second pulse acts as a \ensuremathπ\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremathπ pulse which reverses the time evolution of non-Markovian dynamics. By changing the pulse interval conditions, we confirmed the suppression of exciton decoherence by \ensuremathπ\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremathπ pulse irradiation. From the analysis of the decoherence, it is also found that the six-wave mixing technique can successfully be applied to determine the reservoir parameters.
We show the coherent control of the non-Markovian oscillation of exciton-folded acoustic phonon scattering in GaAs multiple quantum wells by using four-wave mixing measurements. The extent of non-Markovian scattering depends on the delay time ${t}_{{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}1}$ between the phase-locked pulses. The phenomenological dephasing time in the long-time (Markovian) region does not depend on the scattering. The dephasing process is suppressed when ${t}_{{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}1}$ corresponds to half the period of the non-Markovian oscillation. The dephasing suppression is the result of a fifth-order nonlinear optical effect (a six-wave mixing process).
By use of an optical coherent-control technique we demonstrate and analyze the control of transitions involved in the generation of four-wave-mixing signals in a semiconductor quantum well for the two different four-wave-mixing directions and for different sequences of the excitation pulses. Results are presented for frequency- as well as for time-resolved signals. A doubling of the coherent switching frequency is found which occurs if the laser pulses performing the control process contribute quadratically to the wave-mixing signal. A direct comparison between experiment and microscopic theory reveals how the coherent-control process acts on the coherent polarization of the exciton-biexciton system in all different configurations. An additional interpretation of the experimental results based on a simplified few-level model is able to provide an intuitive understanding of the relevant processes which govern the coherent control of the excitonic and biexcitonic wave-mixing polarizations.
The dynamics of the coherent superposition of exciton states in a semiconductor quantum well excited by the joint action of two successive light pulses with the time interval between them t 12 has been theoretically studied. The dependences of the amplitude and initial phase of the quantum bits on t 12 have been found. It has been shown that the time dependence of the Kerr rotation of the reflected probe pulse is determined not only by the dynamics of the excited state, but also by the optical properties of the heterostructure containing the quantum well. The dependence of the decay rate of the excited state on t 12 has been predicted.
We develop a theory to analyze the decoherence effect in a charged qubit array system with photon-echo signals in the multiwave mixing configuration. We present how the decoherence-suppression effect by the bang-bang control with the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulses can be demonstrated in the laboratory by using a bulk ensemble of exciton qubits and optical pulses with a pulse area that is even smaller than $\ensuremath{\pi}$. Analysis is made on the time-integated multiwave mixing signals diffracted into certain phase-matching directions from a bulk ensemble. Depending on the pulse-interval conditions, the crossover from the decoherence-acceleration regime to the decoherence-suppression regime, which is a peculiar feature of the coherent interaction between a qubit and the reservoir bosons, may be observed in the time-integated multiwave mixing signals in the realistic case, including the inhomogeneous broadening effect. Our analysis will be successfully applied to the precise estimation of the reservoir parameters from the experimental data of the direction-resolved signal intensities obtained in the multiwave mixing technique.
Using a novel technique, we simultaneously study the femtosecond dynamics of the amplitude and the coherence of resonant secondary emission from GaAs quantum wells. Two phase-locked pulses resonantly excite excitons in the semiconductor and the subsequently emitted radiation is detected by femtosecond up-conversion. In experiments at various delays and phases between the excitation pulses we identify three different contributions to the secondary emission with different coherence properties in time.