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Chinese Physics B

Geometric phases and quantum phase transitions in inhomogeneous XY spin-chains: Effect of the Dzyaloshinski–Moriya interaction

Lincheng Wang, Yan Jun-yan, Yi Xue-Xi

Published Apr 1, 2010• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study geometric phases of the ground states of inhomogeneous XY spin chains in transverse fields with Dzyaloshinski–Moriya (DM) interaction, and investigate the effect of the DM interaction on the quantum phase transition (QPT) of such spin chains. The results show that the DM interaction could influence the distribution of the regions of QPTs but could not produce new critical points for the spin-chain. This study extends the relation between geometric phases and QPTs.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/19/4/040512

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We study geometric phases of the ground states of inhomogeneous XY spin chains in transverse fields with Dzyaloshinski–Moriya (DM) interaction, and investigate the effect of the DM interaction on the quantum phase transition (QPT) of such spin chains. The results show that the DM interaction could influence the distribution of the regions of QPTs but could not produce new critical points for the spin-chain. This study extends the relation between geometric phases and QPTs.
We study the effects of the Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM) anisotropic interaction on the ground-state properties of the Heisenberg XY spin chain by means of the fidelity susceptibility, order parameter, and entanglement entropy. Our results show that the DM interaction could influence the distribution of the regions of quantum phase transitions and cause different critical regions in the XY spin model. Meanwhile, the DM interaction has effective influence on the degree of entanglement of the system and could be used to increase the entanglement of the spin system.
We consider a two-qubit system described by the Heisenberg XY model with Dzyaloshinski–Moriya (DM) anisotropic interaction in a perpendicular magnetic field to investigate the relation between entanglement, geometric phase and quantum phase transition (QPT). It is shown that the DM interaction has an effect on the critical boundary. The combination of entanglement and geometric phase may characterize QPT completely. Their jumps mean that the occurrence of QPT and inversely the QPT at the critical point at least corresponds to a jump of one of them.
The effects of the Dzyaloshinski—Moriya (DM) interaction on the ground-state properties of the anisotropic XY chain in a transverse field have been studied by means of correlation functions and entanglement. Different from the case without the DM interaction, the excitation spectra ∊ k of this model are not symmetrical in the momentum space and are not always positive. As a result, besides the ferromagnetic (FM) and the paramagnetic (PM) phases, a gapless chiral phase is induced. In the chiral phase, the von Neumann entropy is proportional to log 2 L ( L is the length of a subchain) with the coefficient A ≈ 1/3, which is the same as that of the XY chain in a transverse field without the DM interaction for γ = 0 and 0 < h ≤ 1. And in the vicinity of the critical point between the chiral phase and the FM (or PM) phase, the behaviors of the nearest-neighbor concurrence and its derivative are like those for the anisotropy transition.
Jordan-Wigner transformation and Bogolyubov transformation are the main steps of the diagonalization of Hamiltonian and paly an important role in the statistical mechanics calculations for one-dimensional Heisenberg spin chain model. Many methods can be exploited as a tool to detect quantum phase transition, regions of criticality and scaling behavior in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition, such as geometric phase, fidelity susceptibility, order parameter, and entanglement entropy, which have direct relation with Bogolyubov transformation. We diagonalized the Hamiltonian in XY spin-chain systems with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, the results shows that only the energy spectrum but not the coefficients of the Bogolyubov transformation depends on DM interaction. Therefore, the DM interaction may not influence the critical magnetic field of quantum phase transitions and not induce new critical regions in the XY spin model. Moreover, we further prove the ideas by the methods of geometric phases in this model.