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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Generation of entangled photon pairs in optical cavity-QED: Operating in the bad cavity limit

R. García-Maraver, K. Eckert, R. Corbalán, J. Mompart

Published Jun 1, 2007• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In this work, we propose a cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity-QED) implementation that deterministically generates polarization-entangled photons pairs and that presents three important features from a practical point of view: (i) it operates with high fidelity even in the bad cavity limit; (ii) it is very robust under fluctuations of the system parameters since it is based on adiabatically following an energy eigenstate; and (iii) the initial field state is the simplest in optical cavity-QED, namely the vacuum state for all cavity modes.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-iqec.2007.4386880

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We propose an optical cavity-QED scheme for the deterministic generation of polarization entangled photon pairs that operates with high fidelity even in the bad cavity limit. The scheme is based on the interaction of an excited four-level atom with two empty optical cavity modes via an adiabatic passage process. Monte-Carlo wave function simulations are used to evaluate the fidelity of the cavity-QED source and its entanglement capability in the presence of decoherence. In the bad cavity limit, fidelities close to one are predicted for state-of-the-art experimental parameter values.
We describe a cavity-QED scheme to deterministically generate polarization entangled photon pairs by using a single atom successively coupled to two single longitudinal mode cavities presenting polarization degeneracy. The cavities are initially prepared either in the vacuum state or in a single photon Fock state for each orthogonal polarization. Sharing the same basic elements, the source can operate on different physical processes. For a V -type three-level atom initially prepared in the ground state two implementations of the source are possible using either: i) two truncated Rabi Oscillations, or ii) a counterintuitive Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage process. Although slower than the former implementation, this second one is very efficient and robust under fluctuations of the experimental parameters and, particularly interesting, almost insensitive to atomic decay. For a four-level atom in a diamond configuration initially prepared in the upper state, the source can produce entangled photon pairs even in the bad cavity limit via an adiabatic passage process. We have performed Monte Carlo wave function simulations to characterize these sources by means of: i) the success probability P of producing the desired entangled state, ii) the fidelity F in the reduced space of two emitted cavity photons, and iii) the S parameter of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality to quantify the entanglement capability.
We present two cavity quantum electrodynamics proposals that, sharing the same basic elements, allow for the deterministic generation of entangled photon pairs by means of a three-level atom successively coupled to two single longitudinal mode high-QQQ optical resonators presenting polarization degeneracy. In the faster proposal, the three-level atom yields a polarization-entangled photon pair via two truncated Rabi oscillations, whereas in the adiabatic proposal, a counterintuitive stimulated Raman adiabatic passage process is considered. Although slower than the former process, this second method is very efficient and robust under fluctuations of the experimental parameters and, particularly interesting, almost completely insensitive to atomic decay.
We propose a scheme for the controlled generation of Einstein-Podosky-Rosen entangled photon pairs from an atom coupled to a high QQQ optical cavity, extending the prototype system as a source for deterministic single photons. A thorough theoretical analysis confirms the promising operating conditions of our scheme as afforded by currently available experimental setups. Our result demonstrates the cavity QED system as an efficient and effective source for entangled photon pairs, and shines new light on its important role in quantum information science.
We discuss a cavity-QED scheme to deterministically generate entangled photons pairs by using a three-level atom successively coupled to two single longitudinal mode high-Q cavities presenting polarization degeneracy. The first cavity is prepared in a well-defined Fock state with two photons with opposite circular polarizations while the second cavity remains in the vacuum state. Half of a resonant Rabi oscillation in each cavity transfers one photon from the first to the second cavity, leaving the photons entangled in their polarization degree of freedom. The feasibility of this implementation and some practical considerations are discussed for both microwave and optical regimes. In particular, Monte Carlo wave-function simulations have been performed with state-of-the-art parameter values to evaluate the success probability of the cavity-QED source in producing entangled photon pairs as well as its entanglement capability.
We propose a scheme to generate four-mode multiphoton entangled states by passing NNN identical atoms through two high-QQQ cavities in turn. In the case of N=1N=1N=1, the scheme can deterministically generate Einstein-Podosky-Rosen entangled photon pairs. We use adiabatical state evolution under large atom-cavity detuning, so the scheme is insensitive to atomic spontaneous decay. The influence of cavity decay on fidelity and success probability is also discussed.