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Applied Physics Letters

Detecting squeezed phonons through an indirect radiative transition

Özgür Esat Müstecaplıoğlu, A.S. Shumovsky

Published Jun 30, 1997• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A model of the effect of the longitudinal optical phonon number distribution on the Rabi oscillations of the photons involved in the associated indirect transition in a semiconductor is presented. It is shown that a faster cavity photon revival rate is obtained given an initial squeezed thermal phonon state. This is the result of pairwise correlations of phonons due to squeezing and also holds true when phonons are in squeezed vacuum or in squeezed number states. It may be possible to use this effect to detect squeezing in phonons.

DOI
10.1063/1.119209

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A model of the effect of the longitudinal optical phonon number distribution on the Rabi oscillations of the photons involved in the associated indirect transition in a semiconductor is presented. It is shown that a faster cavity photon revival rate is obtained given an initial squeezed thermal phonon state. This is the result of pairwise correlations of phonons due to squeezing and also holds true when phonons are in squeezed vacuum or in squeezed number states. It may be possible to use this effect to detect squeezing in phonons.
Quantum statistical properties are derived for stimulated Raman scattering by squeezed phonons including squeezing of vacuum fluctuations in radiation modes and sub-Poisson photon behaviour.Initial radiation can be in squeezed thermalized and/or sub-Poisson states, phonon system can also be squeezed.In particular, effects of initial phase conditions, losses, initial nonclassical behaviour and phonon squeezing are demonstrated in terms of reduced factorial moments up to the fifth order in combined photon-photon and photon-phonon modes.Also photon number distribution, quadrature variances and principał squeeze parameters are shown.
We demonstrate spatial Rabi oscillations in optical waveguide arrays. Adiabatic transitions between extended Floquet-Bloch modes associated with different bands are stimulated by periodic modulation of the photonic lattice in the propagation direction. When the stimulating modulation also carries transverse momentum, the transition becomes indirect, equivalent to phonon-assisted Rabi oscillations. In solid state physics such indirect Rabi oscillations necessitate coherent phonons and hence they have never been observed. Our experiments suggest that phonon-assisted Rabi oscillations are observable also with Bose-Einstein condensates, as well as with other wave systems-where coherence can be maintained for at least one period of the Rabi oscillation.
In this paper we study the dynamics of a three-level atom interacting with a two-mode squeezed vacuum, a highly correlated state in which each mode contains the same number of quanta yet exhibits a thermal photon distribution. Under exact resonance, the Rabi oscillations exhibit an irregular behavior reminiscent of those in the thermal-state Jaynes-Cummings model. If the individual field modes are sufficiently detuned from the intermediate atomic level, the Rabi oscillations become quasiperiodic. The three-level system in this case reduces to an effective two-level system in which two-photon processes dominate. The times of revivals of the Rabi oscillations in this limit depend only on the atom-field coupling constants and the detuning. For comparison, we present a parallel study of the case in which the initial field is prepared in an uncorrelated two-mode state, such as a two-mode thermal state or a two-mode coherent state. Under the full resonance condition, the former leads to an irregular evolution of the Rabi oscillations, while the latter leads to the usual collapse and revival phenomena. If the individual modes are sufficiently detuned from the intermediate atomic level, we observe the same quasiperiodicity of the Rabi oscillations as in the case of the two-mode squeezed vacuum but with a doubling of revival times (for equal atom-field coupling constants). Whereas the two-mode squeezed vacuum and the two-mode thermal-state transition dynamics lead to correlation between the field modes, the two-mode coherent state leads to anticorrelation (when sufficiently detuned from the intermediate atomic level).
We determine the Rabi oscillations for coherent and squeezed coherent states via one- and two-photon atomic transitions in two- and three-level atoms, respectively. The effect of squeezing coherent states is to reduce the large number of photons of mesoscopic scale to fewer photons and so be able to use numerical solutions with the aid of the Jaynes-Cummings model. We maximize the squeezing of the coherent state by minimizing the ratio of the photon number variance to photon number, thus narrowing the region where revival occurs.
We present a microscopic description of the photon statistics and phonon signatures in the quantum light emission from semiconductor quantum dots. Using higher-order Born approximation, time-resolved optical emission and scattering spectra are calculated in the weak coupling regime. In the strong coupling regime, a mathematical induction method is presented to calculate the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon-assisted quantum dot cavity-QED. The phonon interaction at room temperature has a strong impact on the quantum correlation of the cavity field and enhances the non-classicality of the cavity field, initially prepared in a thermal state.