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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Quantum phase properties and Wigner function of two 2-level atoms in the presence of the Stark shift for the Tavis–Cummings model

A.‐S. F. Obada, H. A. Hessian, Mostafa Hashem

Published Aug 12, 2009• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An analytical solution for two identical 2-level atoms interacting with a single-mode quantized radiation field in the presence of the Stark shift is obtained. Both atoms are prepared initially in the excited state and the field in a coherent state. The phase distribution, phase variance and Wigner function are investigated. The influence of the Stark shift on the Wigner function and the phase properties is analysed.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/42/17/175502

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An analytical solution for two identical 2-level atoms interacting with a single-mode quantized radiation field in the presence of the Stark shift is obtained. Both atoms are prepared initially in the excited state and the field in a coherent state. The phase distribution, phase variance and Wigner function are investigated. The influence of the Stark shift on the Wigner function and the phase properties is analysed.
In this paper, we have presented an analytic solution for two 2-level identical atoms interacting with a single-mode quantized radiation field, taking into account the level shifts produced by Stark shift. We assume that the two atoms are initially prepared in the exited state and the field in a coherent state. We investigate the purity loss of the system and bipartite partitions of the system. The effects of the Stark shift on the purity loss of the system and different bipartite partitions of the system (field-two atoms, atom-(field+atom)) through the tangles are considered. In particular, the effect of the Stark shift on the amount of entanglement between atoms and field is evaluated by the negativity.
A system of N two-level atoms, Tavis-Cummings Dicke (TC-Dicke) model, interacting with a one-mode electromagnetic radiation field in the presence of the Stark shifts is studied, which is expected to predict new phenomena that are not explored in the original TC-Dicke model. We obtained the potential energy surface of the system using a trial state the direct product of coherent states in each subspace. In the frame of mean-field approaches, the variational energy is evaluated as the expectation value of the Hamiltonian for this state. The order of the quantum phase transitions is determined explicitly and numerically. We estimate the ground-state energy and the macroscopic excitations in the superradiant phase. Moreover, we investigated the critical properties of the TC-Dicke model in the classical spin limit and coherent state. We observed that in the thermodynamic limit, the energy surface takes a simple form a direct description of the phase transition. Moreover, it is found that when the microwave amplitude changes the new phase transition occurs with the Stark shift. The analytical solutions and numerical results, which appear in this paper are agreement with our paper which published recently in Int. J. Mod. Phys. B when we studied the same model using a different coherent state.
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In this thesis, we investigate the effect of the dynamical Stark shift on the quantum electrodynamics of an atom undergoing two-photon transitions, interacting with a quantized radiation field in an ideal cavity. To begin with, we discuss the dynamics of the electromagnetic field and the atom in the presence of the Stark shift. We derive closed expressions for the second-order coherence function, quadrature variances, atomic population inversion and dipole squeezing under the approximation of a large initial photon number and coherent or squeezed field input. We show that for an atom initially in the ground state, the inclusion of Stark shift reduces the field squeezing as well as the antibunching. Both the population inversion and the dipole squeezing exhibit phase sensitivity in the presence of Stark shift and for a particular choice of the relative phase of the two atomic levels "trapping" occurs in a two-level atom and the dipole is modified in such a way that it is permanently squeezed. We then discuss the effect of the stark shift on the emission spectrum of an atom and the cavity field spectrum. The inclusion of Stark shift results in asymmetric vacuum field Rabi splitting. We also study the dynamics of the combined atom-field wave function in the presence of the Stark shift and show that both the electromagnetic field and the atom periodically evolve to pure states which are radically different from those in the absence of the Stark shift. Finally, we study the nondegenerate two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model (NTPJCM) in the presence of the Stark shift and show that the dynamics of the NTPJCM in the presence of Stark shift is qualitatively different from the case of the absence of the Stark shift and radically different from the case of degenerate two-photon JCM in the presence of Stark shift.