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Physical Review A

Nonclassical vibrational states in a quantized trap

Heping Zeng, Fucheng Lin

Published Sep 1, 1993• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The quantized center-of-mass (c.m.) motions of a single two-level atom or ion confined into a one-dimensional harmonic potential and interacting with a single-mode classical traveling-wave laser field are examined. We demonstrate that trap quantum states with remarkable nonclassical properties such as quadrature and amplitude-squared squeezing and sub-Poissonian statistics can be generated in this simple trap model when the c.m. motion is initially in certain coherent trap states. Our analyses also indicate that there exist some time regions where the production of nonclassical vibrational states is possible even if squeezing or sub-Poissonian statistics do not appear.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.48.2393

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Chinese Physics Letters•Mar 1, 1995•0 citations
The quantized center-of-mass (c.m.) motions of a single two-level atom or ion confined into a one-dimensional harmonic potential and interacting with a single-mode classical traveling-wave laser field are examined. We demonstrate that trap quantum states with remarkable nonclassical properties such as quadrature and amplitude-squared squeezing and sub-Poissonian statistics can be generated in this simple trap model when the c.m. motion is initially in certain coherent trap states. Our analyses also indicate that there exist some time regions where the production of nonclassical vibrational states is possible even if squeezing or sub-Poissonian statistics do not appear.
We propose a technique to generate nonclassical vibrational states of the quantized center-of-mass motion of an ion in a harmonic trap, based on the quantum conversion between the quantum cavity field and the quantized center-of-mass motion. It is shown that when an ion trap system interacts with the eigenmode of a single-mode Fabry-P\'erot cavity, where the trap is set in, and with an external classical driving electromagnetic field through Raman transitions, the interchange of the quantum features between the quantum cavity field and the quantized trap occurs. This kind of quantum conversion can be used to prepare some nonclassical trap states for the ion trap as well as to measure the quantum statistics of an initial nonclassical vibrational state.
A single two-level atom, with quantized centre-of-mass motion, is constrained to move in a one-dimensional harmonic potential, while interacting with a single-mode classical travelling light field. When the atom's centre-of-mass motion is in a coherent state, we show that the atomic inversion exhibits collapses and revivals. Whereas in the Jaynes-Cummings model this behaviour occurs due to the discrete nature of the light field, in our case the behaviour is due to the discrete nature of the vibrational trap states. The Q -function for the external motion is also calculated and shown to break into two peaks in the collapse region. Finally the parameter ranges under which the collapses and revivals can be observed are discussed, as well as the possibility of an experiment.
The dynamics of a two-level atom driven by a single laser beam and three-level atom (Lambda configuration) irradiated by two laser beams are studied taking into account of the quantized center-of-mass motion of the atom. It is shown that the trapped atom system under appropriate resonance condition exhibits the large time-scale revivals when the index of the vibrational sideband responsible for the atomic electronic transition is greater than unity. The revival times are shown to be dependent on the initial number of vibrational excitations and the magnitude of the Lamb-Dicke parameter. The sub-Poissonian statistics in vibrational quantum number is observed at certain time intervals. The minimum time of interaction for which the squeezed states of motional quadrature are generated is found to be decreasing with the increase in the Lamb-Dicke parameter.
Raman interaction between two internal levels and its sideband cooling of a trapped ion or atom are investigated in copropagating traveling-wave light fields for localization beyond the Lamb-Dicke limit. Under certain conditions, only the first-order sideband excitations (\ensuremath{\Vert}n〉\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Vert}n\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1〉 with \ensuremath{\Vert}n〉 being a Fock state) may play a significant role. This provides an experimental realization of the Jaynes-Cummings model with quantized center-of-mass motion beyond the Lamb-Dicke regime, which can be used to measure the statistics of the quantized motion, and thus to detect nonclassical states of motion. Moreover, the multichromatic two-photon Raman excitations of the trapped particle can be used for the preparation of coherent squeezed states of motion.
A novel recipe is proposed to generate nonclassical vibrational states of the center-of-mass motions of ions in a quantized trap, based on the quantum conversion between the quantum cavity fields and the quantized trap. It is shown that, when an ion trap system interacts with the eigen mode of a single-mode Fabry-Pérot cavity where the trap was set in, and a particularly selected external laser pulse through Raman transitions, the interchange of the quantum features between the quantum light states and the quantized trap states occurs. This kind of quantum conversion can be used to prepare some nonclassical trap states in an ion trap as well as to measure the properties of initial nonclassical vibrational states.