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Quantum Electronics

Peculiarities of the evolution of a precursor pulse in the shaping of quasi-resonance self-induced transparency pulses

A E Dmitriev, Oleg M. Parshkov

Published Aug 31, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The results of a numerical simulation of the evolution of a precursor pulse are presented. This pulse exists at the stage of the conversion of a quasi-resonance input pulse into a 2π pulse considered in the theory of self-induced transparency. Calculations have shown that the efficiency of precursor-pulse formation increases as the input laser pulse shortens and its area approaches π. The results of a numerical analysis of the known experiments on the observation of a precursor pulse in ruby crystals are also presented. In one of the cases considered, the calculation results cast some doubt on the interpretation of the experiment adopted earlier.

DOI
10.1070/qe2004v034n08abeh002842

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The results of a numerical simulation of the evolution of a precursor pulse are presented. This pulse exists at the stage of the conversion of a quasi-resonance input pulse into a 2π pulse considered in the theory of self-induced transparency. Calculations have shown that the efficiency of precursor-pulse formation increases as the input laser pulse shortens and its area approaches π. The results of a numerical analysis of the known experiments on the observation of a precursor pulse in ruby crystals are also presented. In one of the cases considered, the calculation results cast some doubt on the interpretation of the experiment adopted earlier.
The quasi-resonance interaction of a laser pulse with an inhomogeneously broadened quantum transition is numerically simulated under conditions corresponding to the experiment on the study of self-induced transparency in rubidium vapours. It is shown that the experimental shift of the pulse spectrum is caused by the initial stage of the formation of a precursor pulse and the influence of irreversible relaxation. It is found that the precursor pulse is more stable to the destructive action of relaxation than the 2π pulse and appears even in the case when the input pulse area is insufficient for the formation of the 2π pulse.
The interaction of a sufficiently intense 0 π pulse with the inhomogeneously broadened resonance quantum transition is studied numerically in the slowly varying envelope approximation. The formation of a single optical breather and evolution of the population of energy levels related to it are described. It is found that in the quasi-resonance case, two 2 π pulses of the same duration with different frequencies appear instead of the breather at a large distance. The frequency modulation also prevents the formation of the breather, giving rise to one 2 π pulse or two 2 π pulses of different frequencies and different durations. The results of numerical analysis of the known experiment on the observation of the 0 π pulse in a ruby crystal are presented. It is shown that due to the presence of irreversible relaxation in this experiment, an optical breather was detected at the stage of its transformation to a weak 0 π pulse.
Results of numerical analysis of the influence of probe pulse duration on the character of its evolution under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency in a Λ-scheme involving degenerate quantum transitions are presented. The cases of weak and strong input probe pulses linearly polarized in the same direction as the polarized coupling radiation, along with the case of linearly polarized probe radiation and circularly polarized coupling radiation, are considered. Calculations showed that the regime of weak probe radiation is most favorable for formation of a short probe pulse with a duration of about 1 ns and pulse shape that does not change substantially upon pulse propagation. However, even in this case, picosecond probe pulses experience considerable deformation of their shape and loss of power. Considerable changes of the pulse shape in the case of a strong probe pulse occur already when the pulse duration approaches 1 ns. This circumstance can limit the response time of prospective devices based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency.
The results of numerical modeling of 0pi-pulse evolution in the medium with inhomogeneous broadening of resonant quantum transition line are presented in this paper. The main attention is devoted to phenomena related with 0pi-breather formation as in the strong resonance conditions so as in the presence of small detuning from exact resonance (quasi-resonance case). To compare with existed experimental data the numerical modeling was carried out with adequate duration of input 0pi-pulse and with taking into account of quantum transition transverse relaxation. There is founded that existed in real experiment irreversible relaxation essentially effects on evolution of pulse. So the conclusion can be made that in analyzed experiment the 0pi-breather on the stage of its transformation into many 0pi-pulse was observed
Self-induced transparency (SIT) is a kind of coherent transient phenomena in two-level atomic system. The optical pulse with an area that is an integer multiple of 2π, which causes SIT in an absorber, is stable and a kind of soliton. Thus SIT is expected to be useful in pulse compression and pulse shaping. In this paper, we discuss some problems in experiments of SIT and surveys the experimental results of SIT. It is also described the recent experimental results of coherent nonlinear pulse propagation in BiI3 crystal using tunable sub-picosecond pulses.