Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Optical bistability in Langmuir-Blodgett films of phthalocyanine derivatives on reflection

De Z. Shen, Yajun Li, Xiwu Fan, Junqing Fan

Published Oct 28, 1992• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Saturating absorption and optical bistability (OB) with ns switching time in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of phthalocyanines derivatives on reflection have been studied at room temperature (RT) in the near ultraviolet region for the first time. The saturating intensity (Is) and switching intensity for the OB at 337.1 nm are about 1 MW/cm2 and 5 MW/cm2, respectively. The experimental results show that the major nonlinear and positive feedback mechanisms for the OB are the change of refractive index caused by the saturating absorption and the simple F-P cavity due to the natural faces of the sample, respectively.

DOI
10.1117/12.130440

Related papers

Optical Bistability In Random Glassy Polymers

A. F. Garito, Jeong Weon Wu

Optical bistability is the quantum optical realization of a first order phase transition far from equilibrium. A resonant nonlinear optical response of it-electron excitations in low dimensional structures provides the nonlinearity essential to the onset of bistability. Saturable absorption studies of glassy polymer films consisting of quasi two-dimensional conjugated disc-like structures of silicon naphthalocyanine demonstrate that on-resonance the system behaves as an optical Bloch system with an intensity dependent refractive index n2 of 1x10-4 cm2/kW in the wavelength range of standard laser diodes. Based on this result, electronic absorptive optical bistability is observed on a nanosecond time scale in a nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer employing the saturably absorbing naphthalocyanine film as the nonlinear optical medium.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Jan 15, 1990•7 citations

Picosecond Optical Bistability of ZnS-ZnTe/GaAs Multiple Quantum Wells on Reflection at Room Temperature

Dezhen Shen, Xiwu Fan, Baojun Yang Baojun Yang

The optical bistability with picosecond switching time in ZnS-ZnTe/GaAs multiple quantum wells (MQWs) on reflection at room temperature has been studied for the first time. The research results indicate that the switching threshold from high to low state and contrast ratio for the optical bistability are about 1.2 MW/cm2 and 3:1, respectively. The major nonlinear mechanism for the optical bistability is due to the change of refractive index caused by the band filling effect.

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics•Feb 1, 1995•0 citations

Optical phase conjugate in Langmuir-Blodgett films of purple membrane

Qingguo Li

We report an observation of optical phase conjugate in LB films of pure purple membrane for the first time. The dependence of intensity of the optical conjugate wave upon the total incident intensity has been deduced, based on the simplified model of photo-cycle of bacteriorhodipsin [bR (570) M(410)]. The fitting restults of the saturated absorption intensity of the LB films and the life time of the intermediate M (410) are 0. 49 W/cm2and 2. 5 ms, respectively.

Acta Optica Sinica•Jan 1, 1993•0 citations

Dynamic and steady-state behaviors of reverse saturable absorption in metallophthalocyanine

Chunfei Li, Lei Zhang, Yang Miao +2 more

The dynamic and steady-state processes of the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and the related optical limiting (OL) and optical bistability (OB) in metallophthalocyanine have been studied in detail using rate equations and the light-propagation equation. The experiments for demonstrating RSA, OL, and OB in a copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) solution with a Q-switched, frequency-doubled neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser were accomplished. The experimental results were consistent with the dynamic theoretical simulations, also approximately in accordance with the expression of RSA derived from the same equations at the steady-state condition.

Physical Review A•Feb 1, 1994•172 citations

Optical bistability in semiconductors

H. M. Gibbs, S. L. McCall, Thirumalai Venkatesan +3 more

Optical bistability has been observed in a semiconductor for the first time. The bistable etalon consists of a GaAlAs-GaAs-GaAlAs molecular-beam-epitaxially-grown sandwich with 90% reflectivity coatings. The bistability is primarily dispersive with the nonlinear refractive index arising from light-induced changes in exciton absorption. Using light of frequency just below the exciton peak, we observed bistability from 5 to 120 °K with 40-ns turn-off and subnanosecond turn-on times with 1 mW/μm2 holding intensity.

Applied Physics Letters•Sep 15, 1979•443 citations

Saturation and nonlocal effect in transverse self-phase modulation bistability

I. C. Khoo, T. H. Liu, J. Y. Hou

Recently, a new class of optical bistability, involving transverse self-phase modulation effect with a single reflection feedback, has been demonstrated. We present here a detailed theoretical calculation of the effect of saturation and nonlocality on the switching behavior and power. The technique employed is similar to that given in a recent paper but generalized to the case where the nonlinear refractive-index change contains a saturation parameter. It is found that both the switching powers and the hysteresis loops are considerably changed. Multiple close-by switching loops occur. Because of the extreme sensitivity of the transverse bistability switching on the width of the transverse nonlinear phase shift, we have also investigated the effect due to nonlocal response of the thin film subjected to a Gaussian laser beam. Specific detailed calculations were performed for nonlinear thin film where such nonlocal behaviors are expected (e.g., liquid crystal reorientation and diffusive processes in semiconductors). The most prominent result is that a more accurate prediction of the switching intensity is obtained if the nonlocal effects are included.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1985•0 citations
Saturating absorption and optical bistability (OB) with ns switching time in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of phthalocyanines derivatives on reflection have been studied at room temperature (RT) in the near ultraviolet region for the first time. The saturating intensity (Is) and switching intensity for the OB at 337.1 nm are about 1 MW/cm2 and 5 MW/cm2, respectively. The experimental results show that the major nonlinear and positive feedback mechanisms for the OB are the change of refractive index caused by the saturating absorption and the simple F-P cavity due to the natural faces of the sample, respectively.
Optical bistability is the quantum optical realization of a first order phase transition far from equilibrium. A resonant nonlinear optical response of it-electron excitations in low dimensional structures provides the nonlinearity essential to the onset of bistability. Saturable absorption studies of glassy polymer films consisting of quasi two-dimensional conjugated disc-like structures of silicon naphthalocyanine demonstrate that on-resonance the system behaves as an optical Bloch system with an intensity dependent refractive index n2 of 1x10-4 cm2/kW in the wavelength range of standard laser diodes. Based on this result, electronic absorptive optical bistability is observed on a nanosecond time scale in a nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer employing the saturably absorbing naphthalocyanine film as the nonlinear optical medium.
The dynamic and steady-state processes of the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and the related optical limiting (OL) and optical bistability (OB) in metallophthalocyanine have been studied in detail using rate equations and the light-propagation equation. The experiments for demonstrating RSA, OL, and OB in a copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) solution with a Q-switched, frequency-doubled neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser were accomplished. The experimental results were consistent with the dynamic theoretical simulations, also approximately in accordance with the expression of RSA derived from the same equations at the steady-state condition.
Optical bistability has been observed in a semiconductor for the first time. The bistable etalon consists of a GaAlAs-GaAs-GaAlAs molecular-beam-epitaxially-grown sandwich with 90% reflectivity coatings. The bistability is primarily dispersive with the nonlinear refractive index arising from light-induced changes in exciton absorption. Using light of frequency just below the exciton peak, we observed bistability from 5 to 120 °K with 40-ns turn-off and subnanosecond turn-on times with 1 mW/μm2 holding intensity.
Recently, a new class of optical bistability, involving transverse self-phase modulation effect with a single reflection feedback, has been demonstrated. We present here a detailed theoretical calculation of the effect of saturation and nonlocality on the switching behavior and power. The technique employed is similar to that given in a recent paper but generalized to the case where the nonlinear refractive-index change contains a saturation parameter. It is found that both the switching powers and the hysteresis loops are considerably changed. Multiple close-by switching loops occur. Because of the extreme sensitivity of the transverse bistability switching on the width of the transverse nonlinear phase shift, we have also investigated the effect due to nonlocal response of the thin film subjected to a Gaussian laser beam. Specific detailed calculations were performed for nonlinear thin film where such nonlocal behaviors are expected (e.g., liquid crystal reorientation and diffusive processes in semiconductors). The most prominent result is that a more accurate prediction of the switching intensity is obtained if the nonlocal effects are included.