Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A Mathematical and Physical Sciences

Stationary properties of dispersive optical bistability in a dense exciton-biexciton system: copper chloride

C. M. Bowden, Joseph W. Haus, Chi C. Sung, W. K. Chiu

Published Dec 18, 1984• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A semiclassical exciton-biexciton model for CuCl is used to obtain the stationary solutions for optical bistability (o.b.) by numerical integration of the second-order Maxwell equation in the limit of large Fresnel numbers. The results obtained from the calculation, which we call exact (ex.), are compared with corresponding numerical results by using the slowly varying envelope approximation (s.v.e.a.) as well as corresponding analytical results obtained by using the mean-field approximation (m.f.a.). The results obtained with the s.v.e.a. are shown to be in close quantitative (within 5%) agreement with the ex. results for each point in the parameter space considered, whereas the m.f.a. gives reasonably good qualitative results only (more than 20% quantitative discrepancy with ex.). Furthermore, o.b. is predicted from these calculations for incident laser field detunings on either side of the two-photon biexciton resonance as well as in the neighbourhood of the resonance. The nonlinearity in the dielectric function that causes o.b. is seen to be very nearly of the Kerr medium type, and consequently, the two-photon biexciton resonance contributes only weakly to the o.b. characteristics.

DOI
10.1098/rsta.1984.0125

Related papers

Stationary properties of dispersive optical bistability in CuCI

Chi C. Sung, C. M. Bowden, Joseph W. Haus +1 more

The stationary solution for optical bistability (OB) using a semiclassical exciton-biexciton model of CuCl is calculated exactly in the limit of large Fresnel number. The numerical solution of the second-order Maxwell equation is compared with corresponding results obtained with use of the slowly-varying envelope approximation (SVEA) as well as the mean-field approximation (MFA). It is found that results obtained using the SVEA are in close quantitative agreement with the numerical solution of the second-order Maxwell equation for each point in the parameter space considered, whereas the MFA correspondingly gives good qualitative results only. Furthermore, it is shown that the nonlinearity in the dielectric function for exciton-biexciton CuCl which causes OB is very nearly of the Kerr-medium type, and consequently, the two-photon biexciton resonance contributes only weakly to the OB characteristics.

Physical Review A•Oct 1, 1984•13 citations

Optical bistability of a dense exciton-biexciton system: CuCl

Chi C. Sung, C. M. Bowden

The steady-state solution of the Langevin equation for a dense exciton-biexciton system is investigated. The corrections to the previous work, the contribution of the field---exciton-biexciton interaction, and the local-field correction are shown to modify the threshold of optical bistability significantly.

Physical Review A•Apr 1, 1984•24 citations

The Nonlinear Absorption Coefficient for Direct Two-Photon Creation of Biexciton

W. Ungier, Maciej Suffczynski

The absorption coefficient for the two-photon creation of biexciton is calculated for CuCl and wurtzite crystals. Because of the resonance effect only the intermediate lowest optically active excitonic states are taken into account. The absorption coefficient is expressed by a functional of the biexciton envelope. The numerical results are computed with the envelope function of Hylleraas-Ore type (modified and minimized by Brinkman et al). The obtained results for CuCI are in good agreement with absorption measurements published by Gale and Mysyrowicz.

Acta Physica Polonica A•Feb 1, 2002•0 citations

Optical bistability and switching dynamics in an exciton-biexciton model for CuCl

Joseph W. Haus, C. M. Bowden, Chi C. Sung

The dynamical evolution of the electromagnetic field amplitudes is numerically calculated using an exciton-biexciton model of CuCl. For a bistable system we determine the switch-down and switch-up times and find them to be well explained by the polariton escape time using the group velocity for the polaritons. Our switching times, about 80 psec at photon energies of 3177 meV, are at least an order of magnitude larger than a previous theoretical estimate and we predict the switching times will become longer as the exciton resonance is approached.

Physical Review A•Mar 1, 1985•15 citations

Optical bistability, switching, and self-pulsing in direct-gap semiconductors upon the binding of two excitons in a biexciton

A. Kh. Rotaru, V. Z. Tronchu

A system of nonlinear differential equations describing the dynamic evolution of coherent excitons, photons, and biexcitons is derived in the geometry of a ring cavity. Nonlinearity is caused by the direct binding of two excitons in a biexciton as a result of their Coulomb interaction, which was first predicted by Ivanov, Keldysh, and Panashchenko. The equation of state of the theory of optical bistability is obtained for the stationary case. The stability of stationary states is studied, and the switching times between the branches of the optical bistability curve are determined. It is shown that the appearance of nonlinear periodic and chaotic self-pulsations with the creation of a system of limit cycles and strange attractors in phase space is possible in the unstable portions of the equation of state. Dynamic optical bistability is studied, and the possibility of experimentally detecting the phenomena studied is discussed.

Physics of the Solid State•Oct 1, 1998•2 citations

Observation of Biexcitonic Optical Bistability and Optical Limiting in CuCl

Nasser N. Peyghambarian, H. M. Gibbs, Michael C. Rushford +1 more

Experimental evidence for the occurrence of optical bistability using the biexciton two-photon resonance in CuCl is presented. These observations agree with recent theoretical predictions that require an intensity of 10 MW/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ and 10-\ensuremath{\mu}m-thick etalons with 90% reflective coatings. Earlier much less demanding predictions neglected two important physical effects: unsaturable background absorption at the biexciton from the tail of the exciton resonance and broadening of the biexciton resonance with intensity.

Physical Review Letters•Oct 31, 1983•69 citations
Abstract A semiclassical exciton-biexciton model for CuCl is used to obtain the stationary solutions for optical bistability (o.b.) by numerical integration of the second-order Maxwell equation in the limit of large Fresnel numbers. The results obtained from the calculation, which we call exact (ex.), are compared with corresponding numerical results by using the slowly varying envelope approximation (s.v.e.a.) as well as corresponding analytical results obtained by using the mean-field approximation (m.f.a.). The results obtained with the s.v.e.a. are shown to be in close quantitative (within 5%) agreement with the ex. results for each point in the parameter space considered, whereas the m.f.a. gives reasonably good qualitative results only (more than 20% quantitative discrepancy with ex.). Furthermore, o.b. is predicted from these calculations for incident laser field detunings on either side of the two-photon biexciton resonance as well as in the neighbourhood of the resonance. The nonlinearity in the dielectric function that causes o.b. is seen to be very nearly of the Kerr medium type, and consequently, the two-photon biexciton resonance contributes only weakly to the o.b. characteristics.
The stationary solution for optical bistability (OB) using a semiclassical exciton-biexciton model of CuCl is calculated exactly in the limit of large Fresnel number. The numerical solution of the second-order Maxwell equation is compared with corresponding results obtained with use of the slowly-varying envelope approximation (SVEA) as well as the mean-field approximation (MFA). It is found that results obtained using the SVEA are in close quantitative agreement with the numerical solution of the second-order Maxwell equation for each point in the parameter space considered, whereas the MFA correspondingly gives good qualitative results only. Furthermore, it is shown that the nonlinearity in the dielectric function for exciton-biexciton CuCl which causes OB is very nearly of the Kerr-medium type, and consequently, the two-photon biexciton resonance contributes only weakly to the OB characteristics.
The absorption coefficient for the two-photon creation of biexciton is calculated for CuCl and wurtzite crystals. Because of the resonance effect only the intermediate lowest optically active excitonic states are taken into account. The absorption coefficient is expressed by a functional of the biexciton envelope. The numerical results are computed with the envelope function of Hylleraas-Ore type (modified and minimized by Brinkman et al). The obtained results for CuCI are in good agreement with absorption measurements published by Gale and Mysyrowicz.
The dynamical evolution of the electromagnetic field amplitudes is numerically calculated using an exciton-biexciton model of CuCl. For a bistable system we determine the switch-down and switch-up times and find them to be well explained by the polariton escape time using the group velocity for the polaritons. Our switching times, about 80 psec at photon energies of 3177 meV, are at least an order of magnitude larger than a previous theoretical estimate and we predict the switching times will become longer as the exciton resonance is approached.
A system of nonlinear differential equations describing the dynamic evolution of coherent excitons, photons, and biexcitons is derived in the geometry of a ring cavity. Nonlinearity is caused by the direct binding of two excitons in a biexciton as a result of their Coulomb interaction, which was first predicted by Ivanov, Keldysh, and Panashchenko. The equation of state of the theory of optical bistability is obtained for the stationary case. The stability of stationary states is studied, and the switching times between the branches of the optical bistability curve are determined. It is shown that the appearance of nonlinear periodic and chaotic self-pulsations with the creation of a system of limit cycles and strange attractors in phase space is possible in the unstable portions of the equation of state. Dynamic optical bistability is studied, and the possibility of experimentally detecting the phenomena studied is discussed.
Experimental evidence for the occurrence of optical bistability using the biexciton two-photon resonance in CuCl is presented. These observations agree with recent theoretical predictions that require an intensity of 10 MW/cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2 and 10-\ensuremath{\mu}m-thick etalons with 90% reflective coatings. Earlier much less demanding predictions neglected two important physical effects: unsaturable background absorption at the biexciton from the tail of the exciton resonance and broadening of the biexciton resonance with intensity.