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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Storage and retrieval of thermal light in warm atomic vapor

Young‐Wook Cho, Yoon-Ho Kim

Published Jul 29, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report an experimental demonstration of slowed propagation and storage and retrieval of thermal light using the effect of electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) in the Λ-type system of the D1 transition of 85Rb atom. The slowed-propagation of the probe thermal light beam through an EIT medium is observed by measuring the second-order correlation function of the light field using the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometer. We also demonstrate the storage and retrieval of thermal light beam in the EIT medium. The direct measurement of the photon number statistics of the retrieved light field shows that the photon number statistics is preserved during the storage and retrieval process.

DOI
10.1117/12.870861

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We report an experimental demonstration of slowed propagation and storage and retrieval of thermal light using the effect of electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) in the Λ-type system of the D1 transition of 85Rb atom. The slowed-propagation of the probe thermal light beam through an EIT medium is observed by measuring the second-order correlation function of the light field using the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometer. We also demonstrate the storage and retrieval of thermal light beam in the EIT medium. The direct measurement of the photon number statistics of the retrieved light field shows that the photon number statistics is preserved during the storage and retrieval process.
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We report on the transfer of statistical characteristics from writing and reading coupling light to stored and retrieved probe light pulses in a Λ-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) scheme based on the 5S(1/2)-5P(1/2) transition of (87)Rb atoms. When the coherent probe laser pulse was stored in the EIT medium using the pseudo-thermal coupling light, the characteristics of the pseudo-thermal writing coupling light were transferred to the stored probe laser pulse because of the strong correlation between the probe and coupling light in the EIT medium. The photon number statistics of the retrieved probe light changed from Poisson distribution to Bose-Einstein distribution. Additionally, we measured the change in the properties of the retrieved light pulse due to the photon number statistics of the pseudo-thermal reading coupling light.
We report an experimental demonstration of slow and superluminal propagation of pseudo-thermal (chaotic) light in the Λ-type system of the 5S(1/2)-5P(1/2) transition of (87)Rb atom. The slowed propagation of pulsed pseudo-thermal light was demonstrated in an electromagnetically-induced transparency medium while the superluminal propagation was demonstrated with the enhanced absorption scheme where the coupling field takes the form of a standing wave.We have also demonstrated that the photon number statistics of the pseudo-thermal light is preserved for both the subluminal and superluminal cases.
This thesis set out to investigate light storage based on dynamic electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a room-temperature atomic ensemble of rubidium as a means to provide a quantum memory for single-photons created by a single rubidium atom coupled to a high-finesse optical resonator. Setting up the light storage medium presented a new addition to the research group's portfolio of experimental techniques and led to investigations of EIT, slow light and stored light in warm rubidium-87 vapour. Lambda level schemes connecting Zeeman or hyperfine substates on the D1 and D2 lines were addressed in rubidium vapour cells containing different buffer gases and different isotopic fractions of rubidium-87 and rubidium-85. Single beam spectroscopy with a weak probe was used to characterise the vapour cells. A numerical method to fit the D line spectrum to a theoretical model to include isotopic fractions and collisional broadening of a buffer gas has been implemented. Temperature and isotopic fractions could be reliably extracted from the fit parameters. For an offset-stabilisation of two lasers to address a lambda level scheme connecting the two different hyperfine groundstates in rubidium a phase locked loop including a frequency divider has been designed and implemented. Light storage and retrieval has been demonstrated using a Zeeman scheme on the D1 line. Two microsecond long classical light pulses containing one million photons on average were stored and retrieved with an efficiency of 15% after a delay of one microsecond. Several methods of attenuating the strong co-propagating control laser beam to allow for lowering the signal pulse intensity in future experiments are discussed.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect is an effective means to store light field into the atom ensemble. The extra noise introduced in the stored procedure can be suppressed greatly under the condition of large one-photon detuning and proper two-photon detuning. In this paper, we experimentally investigate the slow light and light storage in 87Rb vapor by using EIT effect, and study the effects of the two-photon detuning on light pulse delay and light memory at 650 MHz one-photon red detuning. In order to avoid some unwanted effects under the high optical depth condition, such as four-wave mixing, etc., the temperature of the atomic cell is controlled at 65 degrees Celsius. The experimental results show that the delay and the retrieval signals are significant in a two-photon detuning range from 0 to 0.5 MHz. The pulse delay decreases with the increase of two-photon detuning. The delay is 0.36 ups at two-photon resonance, and it is 0.07 ups at 1 MHz two-photon detuning. We simulate the delayed light pulse by using a three-level -type EIT model. The shapes of the measured slow light are in agreement with the theoretical results. The retrieval signals are observed at different two-photon detunings. The shapes of the retrieval pulses change with the two-photon detuning. The shape variations of the retrieval pulses cannot be explained by the three-level EIT theoretical model. By considering the atomic Zeeman sublevels interacting with the left-circular and right-circular polarized components of probe and coupling fields, multiple -type EIT systems will be formed. The interference between the retrieval signals from multiple EIT subsystems causes the shape distortions of retrieval pulses. The retrieval efficiency is measured as a function of two-photon detuning. The retrieval efficiency oscillates, and multiple peaks appear with the increase of two-photon detuning. The first peak appears at two-photon resonance, and the second peak appears at 0.48 MHz two-photon detuning. Finally, we measure the retrieval efficiency as a function of the coupling power at 0.48 MHz two-photon detuning. The optimal retrieval efficiency reaches 25% when the coupling power is 100 mW. These results provide experimental reference for the quantum memory of continuous variables in the hot atom ensemble.