Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physics Letters A

The Pauli potential in relation to the differential virial theorem with application to experiments on ultracold atomic gases of fermions

Norman Henry March

Published Sep 7, 2008• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2008.09.001

Related papers

Virial expansion for a strongly correlated Fermi system and its application to ultracold atomic Fermi gases

Xia-Ji Liu

arXiv:1210.2176•Physics Reports•Oct 17, 2012•111 citations

Dynamic virial theorem at nonequilibrium and applications

Shi-Guo Peng

We show that a variety of nonequilibrium dynamics of interacting many-body systems are universally characterized by an elegant relation, which we call the dynamic virial theorem. The out-of-equilibrium dynamics of quantum correlations is entirely governed by Tan' s contact. It gives rise to a series of observable consequences and is closely related to experiments with ultracold atoms. In particular, we show that the dynamic virial theorem provides an experimentally accessible verification of the maximum energy growth theorem [R. Qi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 240401 (2021)], which is encoded in the evolution of the atomic cloud size during expansion. In addition, the dynamic virial theorem leads to a simple thermodynamic relation of strongly interacting quantum gases in the framework of two-fluid hydrodynamic theory, which holds in a wide range of temperature. This thermodynamic relation is a type of out-of-equilibrium analog of Tan's pressure relation at equilibrium. Our results provide a fundamental understanding of the generic behaviors of interacting many-body systems at nonequilibrium and are readily examined in experiments with ultracold atoms.

arXiv:2205.11731•Physical Review A•Jan 17, 2023•4 citations

Thermodynamic origin of the contact

Vı́ctor Romero-Rochı́n

As can be inferred from present experiments in ultracold gases, the scattering length is a quantity that determines the thermodynamic state of the gas. As such, a conjugate thermodynamic variable to it exists. Here, we show that the recently introduced contact is the conjugate of the inverse of the scattering length. We find that this identification, in addition to well-known approximations, allows for a derivation of three of the most relevant results concerning the contact, namely its relation to the adiabatic change of the energy, the general form of the energy and the generalized virial theorem. We find that the current identification of the contact variable depends on the use of the contact approximation for the intermolecular potential but it is independent of whether the gas is made out of fermions or bosons and of the strength of the interaction.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Apr 21, 2011•4 citations

On the virial theorem in quantum mechanics

Herbert Leinfelder

Integral Equations and Operator Theory•Jun 1, 1981•5 citations

Superfluidity in ultracold atomic Fermi gases

Martin W. Zwierlein

Abstract This chapter reviews experimental studies of fermionic superfluidity in ultracold atomic gases. Scattering properties of ultracold atoms and Feshbach resonances are introduced. The basic theoretical framework is presented based on the Leggett ansatz that provides intuition into many of the observed phenomena. The various experimental observations related to fermion pair condensation and superfluidity are described. The thermodynamic measurements of strongly interacting Fermi gases are considered. Experiments on superfluidity in the presence of population imbalance are reviewed. These studies have led to the observation of the Clogston–Chandrasekhar (or Pauli) limit of fermionic superfluidity and to the identification of a novel attractive Fermi liquid of polaronic quasiparticles. Novel Fermi systems, such as Fermi gases in lower dimensions, optical lattices, dipolar Fermi gases, and spin–orbit coupled Fermi gases, are also touched on briefly.

•Nov 27, 2014•17 citations

Universal properties of ultracold Fermi gases

Shizhong Zhang, Anthony J. Leggett

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Mar 16, 2009•0 citations
We show that a variety of nonequilibrium dynamics of interacting many-body systems are universally characterized by an elegant relation, which we call the dynamic virial theorem. The out-of-equilibrium dynamics of quantum correlations is entirely governed by Tan' s contact. It gives rise to a series of observable consequences and is closely related to experiments with ultracold atoms. In particular, we show that the dynamic virial theorem provides an experimentally accessible verification of the maximum energy growth theorem [R. Qi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 240401 (2021)], which is encoded in the evolution of the atomic cloud size during expansion. In addition, the dynamic virial theorem leads to a simple thermodynamic relation of strongly interacting quantum gases in the framework of two-fluid hydrodynamic theory, which holds in a wide range of temperature. This thermodynamic relation is a type of out-of-equilibrium analog of Tan's pressure relation at equilibrium. Our results provide a fundamental understanding of the generic behaviors of interacting many-body systems at nonequilibrium and are readily examined in experiments with ultracold atoms.
As can be inferred from present experiments in ultracold gases, the scattering length is a quantity that determines the thermodynamic state of the gas. As such, a conjugate thermodynamic variable to it exists. Here, we show that the recently introduced contact is the conjugate of the inverse of the scattering length. We find that this identification, in addition to well-known approximations, allows for a derivation of three of the most relevant results concerning the contact, namely its relation to the adiabatic change of the energy, the general form of the energy and the generalized virial theorem. We find that the current identification of the contact variable depends on the use of the contact approximation for the intermolecular potential but it is independent of whether the gas is made out of fermions or bosons and of the strength of the interaction.
Abstract This chapter reviews experimental studies of fermionic superfluidity in ultracold atomic gases. Scattering properties of ultracold atoms and Feshbach resonances are introduced. The basic theoretical framework is presented based on the Leggett ansatz that provides intuition into many of the observed phenomena. The various experimental observations related to fermion pair condensation and superfluidity are described. The thermodynamic measurements of strongly interacting Fermi gases are considered. Experiments on superfluidity in the presence of population imbalance are reviewed. These studies have led to the observation of the Clogston–Chandrasekhar (or Pauli) limit of fermionic superfluidity and to the identification of a novel attractive Fermi liquid of polaronic quasiparticles. Novel Fermi systems, such as Fermi gases in lower dimensions, optical lattices, dipolar Fermi gases, and spin–orbit coupled Fermi gases, are also touched on briefly.