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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Resonance two-photon interaction of radiators with the broadband squeezed field

N. A. Enaki, Mihai Macovei

Published Jun 2, 2000• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The resonance two-photon interaction of the broadband squeezed field (without coherent displacement) with the dipole-forbidden two-level atoms via nonresonant virtual levels is investigated. It is demonstrated that the broadband squeezed field excites coherently the system of radiators (atoms, molecules) that have dipole-forbidden transitions. The two-photon Rabi frequency, in this case, is amplified due to the large number of couples of correlated modes of the broadband squeezed field involved. It should be mentioned that this coherent excitation is not specific for optical allowed dipole transitions. In the high-field limit, the quantum statistics of the photon pairs generated in the process of resonance fluorescence is analysed. As the fluorescence spectrum consists of three bands of the correlated photon pairs we analysed the second-order fluctuations in the central and sideband peaks of the triplet. It is shown that the amplitude-squared squeezing that is presented in the sidebands arises from the interaction of the spontaneously radiated photon pairs with the vacuum of the electromagnetic field.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/33/12/301

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Physical Review A•Sep 1, 1996•48 citations
The resonance two-photon interaction of the broadband squeezed field (without coherent displacement) with the dipole-forbidden two-level atoms via nonresonant virtual levels is investigated. It is demonstrated that the broadband squeezed field excites coherently the system of radiators (atoms, molecules) that have dipole-forbidden transitions. The two-photon Rabi frequency, in this case, is amplified due to the large number of couples of correlated modes of the broadband squeezed field involved. It should be mentioned that this coherent excitation is not specific for optical allowed dipole transitions. In the high-field limit, the quantum statistics of the photon pairs generated in the process of resonance fluorescence is analysed. As the fluorescence spectrum consists of three bands of the correlated photon pairs we analysed the second-order fluctuations in the central and sideband peaks of the triplet. It is shown that the amplitude-squared squeezing that is presented in the sidebands arises from the interaction of the spontaneously radiated photon pairs with the vacuum of the electromagnetic field.
The resonance two-photon interaction of the broadband squeezed vacuum with the dipole-forbidden two-level atoms via nonresonant virtual levels is investigated. It is demonstrated that the broadband squeezed vacuum excites coherently the system of radiators (atoms, molecules) that have dipole-forbidden transitions. The quantum statistics of the generated photon pairs in the process of resonance fluorescence is analyzed. As the broadband squeezed field is amplitude-squared squeezed the interaction of this field with the dipole-forbidden atoms can contribute in further amplitude-squared squeezing. In the high-field limit this squeezing increases when the atom number also increases.
Interaction of single-mode coherent light with dipole-forbidden two-level atoms via non-resonant virtual level is studied in this paper. It is shown that, in the case of two-photon resonance fluorescence , the atomic system generates three bands of correlated photon pairs with the carrier frequencies ω k 0 , ω k 0 ± Γ , where Γ=[Ω 2 +(Δ/2) 2 ] 1/2 , 2Ω is the two-photon Rabi frequency and Δ is the detuning from the two-photon resonance. It is established that amplitude-squared squeezing occurs from the sidebands of the two-photon resonance fluorescence spectrum . When the atom number increases, the amplitude-squared squeezing also increases.
A new possibility of generating one-mode squeezed light by coupling a system of two-level atom with a bichromatic pump field in an optical cavity is suggested. The non-classical character of light in this process is caused by two-photon radiation at the central frequency of the spectrum of resonance fluorescence in the bichromatic field. The intensity of the resonance fluorescence cavity output field as well as the variance of the quadrature amplitudes and the second-order correlation function of intensity are calculated.
The authors investigate the dipole-dipole interaction role in the resonance fluorescence of two identical two-level atoms, which are confined to a region much smaller than the resonant wavelength and which are damped by a squeezed vacuum. The spectrum consists of seven or five lines, depending on the relative phase between the driving field and the squeezed vacuum, whereas the spectrum without the dipole-dipole interaction displays three lines. The widths of these lines depend on the parameters of the squeezed vacuum and can be subnatural or supernatural depending on the phase. The central line and additional sidebands at double the Rabi frequency can have intensities larger than in the normal vacuum but the intensities of lines at one Rabi frequency are always less than in the normal vacuum.
The excitation spectrum arising from photon density-density correlations has been considered in a system of two interacting identical atoms. The two-level atoms are pumped near resonance by a strong electromagnetic field while they interact through their dipole-dipole interaction and radiate to each other as well. In such a system the photon density-density correlations arise from the interference spectrum due to the beating of the frequency of the pump field and the atomic transition frequency, as well as from the spectrum induced by the dipole-dipole and radiative interactions between the atoms. The spectral function of this system has been calculated in the limit of high photon densities. It consists of four terms describing four bands which are similar to those appearing in the two-atom resonance fluorescence spectrum for the symmetric modes when the central peak is missing. The collective behavior as well as the dynamics of the system are discussed in detail. By using the spectral function, an expression for the photon density-density correlation function at different times has been derived where thermal effects have been also included.
The fluorescence field from one of the two allowed transitions in a three-level atom can sense squeezed fluctuations of a vacuum field coupled to the other transition. We examine the fluorescence spectra of strongly driven three-level atoms in \ensuremath{\Lambda}, V, and cascade configurations in which one of the two one-photon transitions is coupled to a finite-bandwidth squeezed vacuum field, when the bandwidth is much smaller than the difference in the atomic transition frequencies, though much larger than atomic decay rates and Rabi frequencies of the driving fields. The driving fields are on one-photon resonance, and the squeezed vacuum field is generated by a degenerate parameter oscillator. Details are only given for the \ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration. The extension to the V and cascade configurations is straightforward. We find that in all configurations the fluorescence spectra of the transition not coupled to the squeezed vacuum field are composed of five lines, one central and two pairs of sidebands, with intensities and widths strongly influenced by the squeezed vacuum field. However, only the central component and the outer sidebands exhibit a dependence on the squeezing phase. We also examine the fluorescence spectrum for the cascade configuration with a squeezed vacuum field on resonance with the two-photon transition between the ground and the most excited states and now generated by a nondegenerate parametric oscillator. In this case, where the squeezed vacuum field can be made coupled to both transitions, all spectral lines depend on the squeezing phase. The spectral features are explained in terms of the dressed-atom model of the system. We show that the coherent mixing of the atomic states by the strong driving fields modifies transition rates between the dressed states, which results in the selective phase dependence of the spectral features. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.