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Physical Review A

Constructive role of dissipation for driven coupled bosonic modes

Chaitanya S. Joshi, M. Jonson, Patrik Öhberg, Erika Andersson

Published Jun 4, 2013• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We theoretically investigate a system of two coupled bosonic modes subject to both dissipation and external driving. We show that in the steady state the degree of entanglement between the coupled bosonic modes can be enhanced by dissipation. Nonmonotonic dependence of entanglement on the decay rates is observed when the bosonic modes are asymmetrically coupled to their local baths. This counterintuitive result opens a way to better understand the interplay between noise and coherence in continuous-variable systems driven away from equilibrium.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.87.062304

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We theoretically investigate a system of two coupled bosonic modes subject to both dissipation and external driving. We show that in the steady state the degree of entanglement between the coupled bosonic modes can be enhanced by dissipation. Nonmonotonic dependence of entanglement on the decay rates is observed when the bosonic modes are asymmetrically coupled to their local baths. This counterintuitive result opens a way to better understand the interplay between noise and coherence in continuous-variable systems driven away from equilibrium.
We theoretically investigate a system of two coupled bosonic modes subject to both dissipation and external driving. We show that in the steady state the degree of entanglement between the coupled bosonic modes can be enhanced by dissipation. The non-monotonic dependence of entanglement on the decay rates is observed when the bosonic modes are asymmetrically coupled to their local baths. This counterintuitive result opens a new way to better understand the interplay between noise and coherence in continuous variable systems driven away from equilibrium.
We describe a scheme with analytic result that allows to generate steady-state entanglement for two atoms over a dissipative bosonic medium. The resonant coupling between the mediating bosonic mode and cavity modes produces three collective atomic decay channels. This dissipative dynamics, together with the unitary process induced by classical microwave fields, drives the two atoms to the symmetric or asymmetric entangled steady state conditional upon the choice of the phases of the microwave fields. The effects on the steady-state entanglement of off-resonance mediating bosonic modes are analyzed. The entanglement can be obtained with high fidelity regardless of the initial state and there is a linear relation in the scaling of the fidelity with the cooperativity parameter. The fidelity is insensitive to the fluctuation of the Rabi frequencies of the classical driving fields.
Understanding how external driving and dissipation jointly influence the dynamics of open quantum systems is essential for advancing the study of non-equilibrium quantum phenomena and developing quantum technologies. The present study addresses the issue by exploring the behavior of open systems in driven optical setups coupled to a bosonic field. Starting from an exact non-Markovian master equation for linear systems, we extend the analysis to an ensemble of quantum emitters and validate the proposed solution. The analytical results unveil a range of intriguing phenomena, including pronounced non-Markovian corrections to the coherent driving and a collective cross-driving effect. These effects are experimentally accessible in platforms such as cavity QED, photonic crystals, and state-dependent optical lattices. In the Markovian limit, comparison with exact solutions reveal short-time non-Markovian effects that endure well beyond the environmental correlation decay time, alongside memory effects triggered by short laser pulses. These findings offer valuable insights into the dynamics of driven open systems, laying the groundwork for precise quantum state control.
We propose a scheme for generating an entangled state for two atoms trapped in two separate cavities coupled to each other. The scheme is based on the competition between the unitary dynamics induced by the classical fields and the collective decays induced by the dissipation of two non-local bosonic modes. In this scheme, only one qubit is driven by external classical fields, whereas the other need not be manipulated via classical driving. This is meaningful for experimental implementation between separate nodes of a quantum network. The steady entanglement can be obtained regardless of the initial state, and the robustness of the scheme against parameter fluctuations is numerically demonstrated. We also give an analytical derivation of the stationary fidelity to enable a discussion of the validity of this regime. Furthermore, based on the dissipative entanglement preparation scheme, we construct a quantum state transfer setup with multiple nodes as a practical application.
We analytically and numerically investigate the steady-state entanglement and coherence of two coupled qubits, each interacting with a local boson or fermion reservoir, based on the Bloch-Redfield master equation beyond the secular approximation. We find that there is nonvanishing steady-state coherence in the nonequilibrium scenario, which grows monotonically with the nonequilibrium condition quantified by the temperature difference or chemical potential difference of the two baths. The steady-state entanglement, in general, is a nonmonotonic function of the nonequilibrium condition as well as the bath parameters in the equilibrium setting. We also discover that weak interqubit coupling and high base temperature or chemical potential of the baths can strongly suppress the steady-state entanglement and coherence, regardless of the strength of the nonequilibrium condition. On the other hand, the energy detuning of the two qubits, when used in a compensatory way with the nonequilibrium condition, can lead to significant enhancement of the steady-state entanglement in some parameter regimes. In addition, the qubits typically have a stronger steady-state entanglement when coupled to fermion baths exchanging particles with the system than boson baths exchanging energy with the system, under similar conditions. We also identify a close connection between the energy current flowing through the system and the steady-state coherence. Preliminary investigations suggest that these results are insensitive to the form of the reservoir spectral densities in the Markovian regime. Feasible experimental realization of measuring the steady-state entanglement and coherence is discussed for the coupled qubit system in nonequilibrium environments. Our findings offer some general guidelines for optimizing the steady-state entanglement and coherence in the coupled qubit system and may find potential applications in quantum information technology.
Dynamical instability in parametrically driven bosonic systems is generally associated with diverging occupations and the absence of a stationary state, but its implications for long-time entanglement remain unclear. We investigate this question in a dissipative bosonic dimer with beam-splitter and two-mode-squeezing interactions, local loss, and a tunable common bath. The non-Hermitian dynamical spectrum governing the Gaussian moments partitions the parameter space into distinct regimes and provides a unified description of population and entanglement dynamics across both stable and unstable regions. We find that dynamical instability does not imply unbounded entanglement growth: although the bosonic population diverges, the logarithmic negativity remains bounded and approaches a finite asymptotic value. We further characterize the finite asymptotic entanglement and show that asymmetric local dissipation shifts both the stability boundary and the threshold for nonzero asymptotic entanglement. For identical local dissipation, the presence of a common bath leaves the dynamical-region boundaries unchanged while qualitatively reshaping the long-time entanglement landscape, producing broad enhancement regions within the stable regimes and a narrow enhancement region within the unstable regime. In the common-bath-only limit, this enhancement is attributed to an exact dark-mode (bound-state-in-the-continuum, BIC) protection mechanism, which reduces to a quasi-BIC remnant under independent dissipation. Our results establish the non-Hermitian dynamical spectrum as a framework for connecting stability, nonequilibrium dynamics, and asymptotic entanglement in open quadratic bosonic systems.