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Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

Rabi oscillations in a two-level atomic system with a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian

Y. Ben-Aryeh, A. Mann, Itamar Yaakov

Published Dec 2, 2004• 46 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Rabi oscillations of a two-level atomic system with damping effects are described by the use of a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian. The Rabi frequency and the amplitudes for being in the upper and lower level depend in the present system on both the Hermitian resonant interaction between the em field and the atomic dipole and on damping effects. The time development of the two-level system is studied by using the metric of the pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian and its bi-orthonormal basis of states. The special characteristics of the present system are related to PT (parity-time reversal) and C (generalized conjugation operator) invariant properties of the pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/37/50/008

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Rabi oscillations of a two-level atomic system with damping effects are described by the use of a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian. The Rabi frequency and the amplitudes for being in the upper and lower level depend in the present system on both the Hermitian resonant interaction between the em field and the atomic dipole and on damping effects. The time development of the two-level system is studied by using the metric of the pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian and its bi-orthonormal basis of states. The special characteristics of the present system are related to PT (parity-time reversal) and C (generalized conjugation operator) invariant properties of the pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian.
In this work, a classical-quantum correspondence for two-level pseudo-Hermitian systems is proposed and analyzed. We show that the presence of a complex external field can be described by a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian if there is a suitable canonical transformation that links it to a real field. We construct a covariant quantization scheme which maps canonically related pseudoclassical theories to unitarily equivalent quantum realizations, such that there is a unique metric-inducing isometry between the distinct Hilbert spaces. In this setting, the pseudo-Hermiticity condition for the operators induces an involution which guarantees the reality of the corresponding symbols, even for the complex field case. We assign a physical meaning for the dynamics in the presence of a complex field by constructing a classical correspondence. As an application of our theoretical framework, we propose a damped version of the Rabi problem and determine the configuration of the parameters of the setup for which damping is completely suppressed. The experimental viability of the proposal is studied within a specific context. We suggest that the main theoretical results developed in the present work could be experimentally verified.
Abstract. Using the intertwining relation we construct a pseudosuperpartner for a (non-Hermitian) Diraclike Hamiltonian describing a two-level system interacting in the rotating wave approximation with the electric component of an electromagnetic field. The two pseudosuperpartners and pseudosupersymmetry generators close a quadratic pseudosuperalgebra. A class of time dependent electric fields for which the equation of motion for a two level system placed in this field can be solved exactly is obtained. New interesting phenomenon is observed. There exists such a time-dependent detuning of the field frequency from the resonance value that the probability to populate the excited level ceases to oscillate and becomes a monotonically growing function of time tending to 3/4. It is shown that near this fixed excitation regime the probability exhibits two kinds of oscillations. The oscillations with a small amplitude and a frequency close to the Rabi frequency (fast oscillations) take place at the background of the ones with a big amplitude and a small frequency (slow oscillations). During the period of slow oscillations the minimal value of the probability to populate the excited level may exceed 1/2 suggesting for an ensemble of such two-level atoms the possibility to acquire the inverse population and exhibit lasing properties.
Using the intertwining relation we construct a pseudosuperpartner for a (non-Hermitian) Dirac-like Hamiltonian describing a two-level system interacting in the rotating wave approximation with the electric component of an electromagnetic field. The two pseudosuperpartners and pseudosupersymmetry generators close a quadratic pseudosuperalgebra. A class of time-dependent electric fields for which the equation of motion for a two-level system placed in this field can be solved exactly is obtained. A new interesting phenomenon is observed. There exists a time-dependent detuning of the field frequency from the resonance value such that the probability to populate the excited level ceases to oscillate and becomes a monotonically growing function of time tending to 3/4. It is shown that near this fixed excitation regime the probability exhibits two kinds of oscillations. The oscillations with small amplitude and frequency close to the Rabi frequency (fast oscillations) take place at the background of those with big amplitude and small frequency (slow oscillations). During the period of slow oscillations, the minimal value of the probability to populate the excited level may exceed 1/2, suggesting for an ensemble of such two-level atoms the possibility of acquiring an inverse population and exhibit lasing properties.