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Journal of Applied Physics

Dynamical spin pair correlations in s=1/2 Heisenberg chain

Surajit Sen, Ming Long

Published May 15, 1993• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Calculations are presented for the on-site dynamical spin pair correlation of the s=1/2 Heisenberg chain at T=∞. The result for the isotropic chain is consistent with short time analysis. The long time behavior may be interpreted as compatible with exponential decay as well as with power law decay interpretations. The chain with small Ising-like anisotropy also exhibits exponential-like long time decay as found in recent Mössbauer effect spectroscopy work. Preliminary calculations are also presented for the mathematically challenging case of extreme Ising-like anisotropy.

DOI
10.1063/1.353670

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Journal of Applied Physics•May 15, 1993•0 citations
Calculations are presented for the on-site dynamical spin pair correlation of the s=1/2 Heisenberg chain at T=∞. The result for the isotropic chain is consistent with short time analysis. The long time behavior may be interpreted as compatible with exponential decay as well as with power law decay interpretations. The chain with small Ising-like anisotropy also exhibits exponential-like long time decay as found in recent Mössbauer effect spectroscopy work. Preliminary calculations are also presented for the mathematically challenging case of extreme Ising-like anisotropy.
We present a study on the nature of the dynamical on-site spin-pair correlation in an s=1/2 isotropic Heisenberg chain at T=\ensuremath{\infty} using the Mori-Lee formalism for solving the Heisenberg equation of motion and the direct summation method of evaluating infinite continued fractions. Our results are consistent with existing short-time analyses and support a power-law decay of the spin-pair correlations. Our study reveals that the frequency spectra corresponding to the on-site dynamical correlations can be seen as consisting of a Gaussian central peak presumably arising from the XY part of the Hamiltonian and a second broad finite frequency peak, which probably arises from the Ising part of the Hamiltonian and is slightly shifted toward a higher frequency than the Ising frequency.
The long-time and long-distance asymptotic behavior of the xxx spin correlations at finite temperature in an anisotropic spin-1/2 XY chain is determined numerically. The decay of the correlations is exponential in both space and time. Similar exponential decay of correlations was already found earlier in the special case of the isotropic model, where analytical expressions for the decay rates could be derived via a mapping to a different model. While no such mapping is known for the anisotropic model, the asymptotic correlations can be very well approximated by a natural generalization of the known analytic results for the isotropic case.
The long-time and long-distance asymptotic behavior of the xxx spin correlations at finite temperature in an anisotropic spin-1/2 XY chain is determined numerically. The decay of the correlations is exponential in both space and time. Similar exponential decay of correlations was already found earlier in the special case of the isotropic model, where analytical expressions for the decay rates could be derived via a mapping to a different model. While no such mapping is known for the anisotropic model, the asymptotic correlations can be very well approximated by a natural generalization of the known analytic results for the isotropic case.
Using the bosonization procedure proposed for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain in Ref. 8 we obtain the effective Hamiltonian for the system of two weakly coupled Heisenberg chains with the XXZ anisotropy as the sum of two sine-Gordon Hamiltonians. It appears that this simple system reveals a rather rich variety of properties in different regions of anisotropy. We calculate the spin-spin correlation functions; two-spin correlation functions decay exponentially but there are regions where the four-spin correlation functions decay as a power law. In particular, if both the inter- and intrachain exchange interactions are isotropic and the interchain exchange is ferromagnetic correlations of the chirality field χ= S 1× S 2 (the indexes 1 and 2 numerate the chains) are enhanced and their correlation functions follow a power law. In this case coupling between pairs of chains can lead to chiral ordering in three dimensions.
Extensive spin-dynamics simulations have been performed to study the dynamical behavior of the classical Heisenberg chain at infinite temperatures and long wavelengths. We find that the energy and spin show distinctly different dynamics in the isotropic system. The energy correlation function follows the classical diffusion theory prediction, namely, it decays exponentially with q2t. In contrast, the spin correlation function is found to decay exponentially as q2.12t ln t implying a logarithmically divergent diffusion constant and the failure of the usual hydrodynamic assumptions.