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Physica C Superconductivity

Numerical study on spin and charge degrees of freedom in one-dimensional tJ model

Kazuhiro Sano, Ken'ichi Takano

Published Dec 1, 1991• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0921-4534(91)90989-c

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We present a numerical study of the charge dynamical structure factor N(k,omega) of a one-dimensional (1D) ionic Hubbard model in the Mott insulator phase. We show that the low-energy spectrum of N(k,omega) is expressed in terms of the spin operators for the spin degrees of freedom. Numerical results of N(k,omega) for the spin degrees of freedom, obtained by the Lanczos diagonalization method, well reproduce the low-energy spectrum of N(k,omega) of the 1D ionic Hubbard model. In addition, we show that these spectral peaks probe the dispersion of the spin-singlet excitations of the system and are observed in the wide parameter region of the MI phase.
A simple picture for decoupling the charge and spin degrees of freedom is proposed and used to discuss the properties of the ground-state wave function of the one-dimensional t-J model. In the limit of J/t\ensuremath{\ll}1 or \ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\ll}1 we show that the ground state of the t-J model is well approximated by a wave function where the charge and spin degrees of freedom are separated: the spin degree of freedom is described by a ``squeezed'' Heisenberg model, where all the vacant sites are omitted and the charge degrees of freedom are described by a spinless-fermion Hamiltonian with nearest-neighbor attractive interactions.
A simple picture for decoupling the charge and spin degrees of freedom is proposed and used to discuss the properties of the ground-state wave function of the one-dimensional t-J model. In the limit of J/t << 1 or delta << 1 we show that the ground state of the t-J model is well approximated by a wave function where the charge and spin degrees of freedom are separated: the spin degree of freedom is described by a "squeezed" Heisenberg model, where all the vacant sites are omitted and the charge degrees of freedom are described by a spinless-fermion Hamiltonian with nearest-neighbor attractive interactions.