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Journal of Modern Optics

Higher-order squeezing of the electromagnetic field in spontaneous and stimulated Raman processes

Dilip Kumar Giri, Partha Sarathi Gupta

Published Aug 15, 2005• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The occurrence of fourth and fifth-order squeezing in the fundamental mode of the electromagnetic field in spontaneous and stimulated Raman processes under the short-time approximation is investigated on the basis of a fully quantum-mechanical approach. In an idealized model, the Raman process is looked upon as a two-photon on a one phonon interaction process. The coupled Heisenberg equations of motion involving real and imaginary parts of the quadrature operators are established. The dependence of fourth- and fifth-order squeezing in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio on the number of photons is investigated. We have also established the amplitude squeezing effects in the Stokes and vibrational modes, which is found to be dependent on higher-order difference squeezing showing a difference squeezing that can be converted to normal squeezing.

DOI
10.1080/09500340500073065

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The concept of nth-order amplitude squeezing is introduced in the fundamental mode in Raman process as a generalization of the higher-order squeezing under short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. The condition for occurrence of nth-order squeezing is obtained from which higher-order squeezing up to n = 5 are studied. The coupled Heisenberg equation of motion involving real and imaginary parts of the quadrature operators is established. Dependence of squeezing on photon number is also established.
The nonclassical effect of squeezing of light in hyper-Raman processes is investigated under the short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. Effects of squeezing in spontaneous and stimulated processes are studied. A hyper-Raman process is looked upon as a three-photon and one-phonon interaction process. Squeezing in amplitude, squared amplitude and cubed amplitude have been investigated. Squeezing occurs invariably in the fundamental mode in both spontaneous and stimulated processes, whereas the squeezing in the Stokes mode is found to be dependent on amplitude-squared squeezing of the initial pump field.
The amplitude squeezing properties of the electromagnetic field is investigated in the fundamental, Stokes (probe) and signal mode in six-wave mixing process under short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. The interaction is looked upon as a process involving absorption of two pump photons and emission of three probe photons and one signal photon at different frequencies. The coupled Heisenberg quantum mechanical equations of motion involving real and imaginary parts of the quadrature operators are established and solved under short-time scale. The occurrence of amplitude squeezing effects in both the quadrature of the radiation field in the fundamental mode as well as in the Stokes (probe) mode is investigated using the required conditions of squeezing in each of the cases. It is also shown that the squeezing in the signal mode is found to be dependent on amplitude-squared squeezing of the initial pump field. This gives a method of converting higher-order (amplitude-squared) squeezing into normal squeezing.
Squeezing of the electromagnetic field is investigated in the pump, Stokes and parametric mode in spontaneous and stimulated four-wave mixing processes under a short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. The occurrence of squeezing in amplitude and amplitude squared of the fundamental mode has been investigated. The dependence of squeezing on the photon number is noticed and the degree of squeezing in the first and second-order is also investigated. Squeezing occurs in the fundamental mode in both spontaneous and stimulated processes, whereas squeezing in the Stokes and parametric modes is found to be dependent on squeezing of the initial pump field.