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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Absolute photodetachment cross sections of Cu-

Péter Balling, Carsten Brink, T. Andersen, Harold K. Haugen

Published Nov 28, 1992• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Absolute photodetachment cross sections of Cu - have been measured at 400, 532 and 650 nm using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser system. The cross sections were obtained by studying the saturation of neutral atom production versus laser intensity. Data analysis includes the spatial and temporal properties of the laser pulse. The results are compared with existing theoretical predictions.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/25/22/003

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Absolute photodetachment cross sections of Cu - have been measured at 400, 532 and 650 nm using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser system. The cross sections were obtained by studying the saturation of neutral atom production versus laser intensity. Data analysis includes the spatial and temporal properties of the laser pulse. The results are compared with existing theoretical predictions.
An accelerated beam of Cl− ions is photodetached by a single-mode Nd:YAG laser, and the resulting neutrals are detected. By measuring the saturation intensity of this process, one derives the cross section for four-photon detachment. This cross section is smaller by a factor of 6 than a recently calculated value. Comparison of the photodetachment saturation intensity of Cl− with those of other halogen negative ions shows that this corresponds to regular behavior among the halogen elements, suggesting limitations in the theoretical models.
Photodetachment from negative ions in a static electric field has been studied using ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ and ${\mathrm{S}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$. These experiments were done with greater precision than previous studies and allow a quantitative comparison of data with theory. A 10-keV ion beam was sent through a region with fields of up to 1.5 kV/cm applied parallel to the beam velocity. A pulsed dye-laser beam, perpendicular to the ion beam, photoneutralized the ions. The relative cross sections were measured by detecting the resulting fast neutral atoms. Detachment below threshold and oscillations on the cross section above threshold were observed near the ${\mathrm{S}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ threshold at 16 269.5 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ and near the ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ threshold at 29 138.3 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. The phase of the oscillations in the data is in good agreement with predictions for s-wave photodetachment in a static electric field, but the amplitude of the oscillations is found to be slightly reduced.
The negative ion of lanthanum, La–\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{a}}^{\text{--}}La–, has one of the richest bound state spectra observed for an atomic negative ion and has been proposed as a promising candidate for laser-cooling applications. In the present experiments, La–\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{a}}^{\text{--}}La– was investigated using tunable infrared photodetachment spectroscopy. The relative signal for neutral atom production was measured with a crossed ion-beam--laser-beam apparatus over the photon energy range 585--920 meV (2120--1350 nm) to probe the continuum region above the La neutral atom ground state. Eleven prominent peaks were observed in the La–\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{a}}^{\text{--}}La– photodetachment cross section due to resonant excitation of quasibound transient negative ion states in the continuum, which subsequently autodetach. In addition, thresholds were observed for photodetachment from several bound states of La–\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{a}}^{\text{--}}La– to both ground and excited states of La. The present results provide information on the excited state structure and dynamics of La–\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{a}}^{\text{--}}La– that depend crucially on multielectron correlation effects.
We present measurements of photodetachment cross sections of negative gold ions stored in a RF trap, in the energy range from about to above threshold. A number of different laser devices have been used. The results complement those described in a previous paper. The photodetachment spectrum exhibits a strong resonance, located at above ground level and a much fainter one at . These resonances can be represented as Fano profiles and reveal the presence of autodetaching excited levels of (most probably and ). Furthermore, the opening of a new photodetachment channel near 360 nm (corresponding to the first excited level of neutral Au) is accompanied by an increase of the photodetachment yield.
We describe a new technique for accurate measurement of absolute photoionization cross sections. By measuring the loss rateof atoms from a laser trap in the presence of ionizing light, we directly measure the photoionization rate. The only quantities requiring absolute calibration are the ionizing laser intensity and the fractional population in the relevant state. Our technique is capable of detecting extremely small ionization rates, which means that low-power cw sources can be used. We have applied this method to photoionization from the 5P(3/2) state of rubidium at wavelengths of 413 and 407 nm.The cross sections are 1.36(12) x 10(-17) and 1.25(11) x 10(-17) cm(2) , respectively.
The negative ion of cerium is investigated experimentally with tunable infrared laser photodetachment spectroscopy and theoretically with relativistic configuration interaction in the continuum formalism. The relative cross section for neutral atom production is measured with a crossed ion-beam--laser-beam apparatus over the photon energy range of 0.54--0.75 eV. A rich resonance spectrum is revealed near the threshold with, at least, 12 peaks observed due to transitions from bound states of ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ to either bound or quasibound excited states of the negative ion. Theoretical calculations of the photodetachment cross sections enable identification of the transitions responsible for the measured peaks. Two of the peaks are due to electric dipole-allowed bound-bound transitions in ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, making cerium only the second atomic negative ion that has been demonstrated to support multiple bound states of opposite parity. In addition, combining the experimental data with the theoretical analysis determines the electron affinity of cerium to be 0.628(10) eV and the fine structure splitting of the ground state of ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ (4H7/2−−4H9/2{}^{4}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{H}_{7/2}--{}^{4}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{H}_{9/2}4H7/2​−−4H9/2​) to be 0.097 75(4) eV.