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Journal of Mathematical Physics

Nonlinear corrections to the Schrödinger equation from geometric quantum mechanics

Carlos Castro

Published Nov 1, 1990• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The nonlinear corrections to the Schrödinger equation based on the results of geometric quantum mechanics (GQM) are derived. Such theory derives quantum mechanics from the underlying Weyl space-time geometry associated with the classical ensemble of particle paths given by the solutions of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation.
DOI
10.1063/1.528964

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Quantum mechanics is conventionally formulated in terms of complex Hilbert spaces, linear operators, and the Schrödinger equation. Although geometric structures play an increasingly important role in modern formulations of quantum theory, the wavefunction itself is generally regarded as a fundamental object. In this work, we investigate an alternative formulation in which the fundamental object is a coherence coordinate , where Omega represents radial coherence and Theta represents phase coherence associated with geometric transport. Starting from three assumptions—a coherence coordinate, a probability density generated by radial coherence, and a geometric Hamiltonian—we reconstruct the continuity equation, the quantum Hamilton–Jacobi equation, and ultimately the Schrödinger equation. Within this framework, the wavefunction appears as a derived quantity, while Hilbert spaces emerge naturally as spaces of square-integrable functions on a coherence manifold. The resulting construction establishes a differential-geometric representation of quantum mechanics and provides a common geometric language connecting quantum states, probability flow, geometric phases, holonomies, and gauge transport.
It is shown how the time-dependent Schrödinger equation may be simply derived from the dynamical postulate of Feynman's path integral formulation of quantum mechanics and the Hamilton–Jacobi equation of classical mechanics. Schrödinger's own published derivations of quantum wave equations, the first of which was also based on the Hamilton–Jacobi equation, are also reviewed. The derivation of the time-dependent equation is based on an a priori assumption equivalent to Feynman's dynamical postulate. de Broglie's concepts of ‘matter waves’ and their phase and group velocities are also critically discussed.
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Using the essence of Feynman's path integral and the space-time geodesics, an infinity of differentiable paths that follow the geometry of a continuous geodesic are constructed, and a wave function is associated to each path as a probability amplitude identical to the Feynman's probability amplitude for each path. We prove that each probability amplitude obeys to the Schrödinger's equation for a non relativistic physical system moving in a time independent potential, starting from the Jacobi-Hamilton equation.