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Optics Letters

Noise correlations in a doubly-resonant atomic optical parametric oscillator

Jiteng Sheng, Haibin Wu, Xihua Yang, Utsab Khadka, Min Xiao

Published May 9, 2012• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The simultaneous generations of bright Stokes and anti-Stokes fields are realized by using only one pump field in a Doppler-broadened atomic medium confined in an optical ring cavity. A vacuum-induced absorption phenomenon is also observed in such a system. By utilizing an external Fabry-Perot cavity to separate the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields, we investigate the noise correlation and anticorrelation properties between the Stokes, anti-Stokes, and the pump fields.

DOI
10.1364/ol.37.001655

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The simultaneous generations of bright Stokes and anti-Stokes fields are realized by using only one pump field in a Doppler-broadened atomic medium confined in an optical ring cavity. A vacuum-induced absorption phenomenon is also observed in such a system. By utilizing an external Fabry-Perot cavity to separate the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields, we investigate the noise correlation and anticorrelation properties between the Stokes, anti-Stokes, and the pump fields.
We investigate the generation of bright correlated anti-Stokes and Stokes light beams with Doppler-broadened four-level atoms inside an optical ring cavity. By manipulating the large dispersion of the intracavity atomic medium near the electromagnetically induced transparency condition, the generated anti-Stokes and Stokes light fields can be made simultaneously on resonance with the cavity and to oscillate above threshold with narrowed linewidths. Noise correlation and violation of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality with the two generated twin beams above the oscillation threshold at zero time delay are experimentally demonstrated.
We present an experimental demonstration of simultaneous above-threshold oscillations of the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields together with the single pumping beam with rubidium atoms inside an optical standing-wave cavity. The triple resonant conditions can be achieved easily by making use of the large dispersions due to two-photon transitions in the three-level atomic system. This work provides a way to achieve high efficient nonlinear frequency conversion and the generated bright Stokes and anti-Stokes cavity output beams are potential resource for applications in quantum information science.
We study experimentally nonlinear optical processes in which Stokes and anti-Stokes fields build up under strong, resonant, counterpropagating pump laser excitation in atomic sodium vapor. We find that, at some pump frequency, two off-axis anti-Stokes emissions propagating along reflection-symmetric directions are strongly temporally correlated, with a correlation time of $0.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$ and a correlation range of 1mrad1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mrad}1mrad. It is shown by the numerical analysis based on six-wave mixing process involving pump, Stokes, and anti-Stokes waves in the forward and the backward directions that such correlated anti-Stokes emissions are possible when the medium is opaque for the Stokes field and transparent for the anti-Stokes field. Possibilities of quantum correlation for entangled photon generation using this system are discussed.
Mirrorless optical parametric oscillator (MOPO) is a consequence of intrinsic feedback provided by the nonlinearity in a medium due to the interaction of a pair of strong counterpropagating fields. As the name suggests, the device does not require a cavity for lasing other than the nonlinear medium. Here we report the demonstration of MOPO under the effect of an all-optical waveguide. The efficient four-wave mixing process due to counterpropagating pump and control fields interacting with a multilevel atomic system facilitates the generation of mirrorless Stokes and anti-Stokes fields counterpropagating to each other. The maximum generated laser power could rise up to mW with pump conversion efficiency more than 30%. Furthermore, the cross-phase modulation due to the strong fields creates all-optical waveguides for the generated fields and hence induces correlated spatial modes in the Stokes and the anti-Stokes fields.
This thesis mainly focuses on the experimental investigations of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) related phenomena in various systems involving multilevel atoms inside an optical ring cavity. Semiclassical methods, e.g. density-matrix equations, are used through out this thesis to simulate the experimental results. First, the cavity transmission spectrum can be significantly modified when multilevel atoms are placed inside an optical ring cavity. Such coupled atom-cavity systems are well explained by the intracavity dispersion/absorption properties. Specifically, three-level lambda-type, four-level N-type and double-lambda-type atoms inside an optical ring cavity are investigated by examining their cavity transmission spectra. Second, optical multistability (OM) has been demonstrated with EIT atoms inside an optical ring cavity. Such OM has been utilized to realize a controllable optical multistate switch, which can be modeled as a triple-well system. Third, self-Kerr nonlinearities of multilevel atoms are measured in an optical ring cavity by scanning the cavity length. Fourth, bright Stokes and anti-Stokes fields are generated simultaneously in a doubly-resonant atomic optical parametric oscillator (AOPO). In addition, vacuum-induced absorption and noise correlations are studied in the AOPO system. Last, a theoretical model is proposed to realize parity-time (PT) symmetry in a four-level N-type atomic system by spatially modifying the complex refractive index in free space. Moreover, the experimental progress is made to observe discrete diffraction pattern in an optically induced lattice by interfering with plane waves in a coherent atomic medium.
We report the demonstration of a mirrorless optical parametric oscillator with a tunable threshold in laser-cooled atoms with four-wave mixing (FWM) using electromagnetically induced transparency. Driven by two classical laser beams, the generated Stokes and anti-Stokes fields counterpropagate and build up efficient intrinsic feedback through the nonlinear FWM process. This feedback does not involve any cavity or spatially distributed microstructures. We observe the transition of photon correlation properties from the biphoton quantum regime (below the threshold) to the oscillation regime (above the threshold). The pump threshold can be tuned by varying the operating parameters. We achieve the oscillation with a threshold as low as 15 μW.