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Optics Communications

Sensitive response of a two-level atom to a very weak squeezed vacuum

C. Cabrillo, William Smyth, S. Swain, Peng Zhou

Published Feb 1, 1995• 19 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(94)00652-b

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We analyze the linewidth narrowing in the fluorescence spectrum of a two-level atom driven by a squeezed vacuum field of a finite bandwidth. It is found that the fluorescence spectrum in a low-intensity squeezed field can exhibit a $(\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}{)}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ frequency dependence in the wings. We show that this fast fall-off behavior is intimately related to the properties of a narrow-bandwidth squeezed field and does not extend into the region of broadband excitation. We apply the linear response model and find that the narrowing results from a convolution of the atom response with the spectrum of the incident field. On the experimental side, we emphasize that the linewidth narrowing is not sensitive to the solid angle of the squeezed modes coupled to the atom. We also compare the fluorescence spectrum with the quadrature-noise spectrum and find that the fluorescence spectrum for an off-resonance excitation does not reveal the noise spectrum. We show that this difference arises from the competing three-photon scattering processes.
The resonance fluorescence system of a coherently driven two-level atom in the presence of a broadband squeezed vacuum field whose central frequency is not in resonance with either the driving field frequency or the atomic transition frequency is analyzed. Solutions of the Bloch equations of the system are presented in terms of continued fractions for arbitrary strength of the coherent driving field. Numerical results are presented for the first-harmonic quadrature components of the absorption spectrum and the fluorescent intensity. The effects of the squeezed vacuum field detuning on the absorption spectrum result in hole burning or a dip structure in the weak-field case and two absorption–amplification peaks in the strong-field case. Results are sensitive to the relative phase of the squeezed vacuum.