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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Asynchronous entanglement from coherently coupled nonlinear cavities

T. McRae, Warwick P. Bowen

Published Jun 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The paper presents a theoretical model of non-classical state generation in a pair of identical coupled nonlinear cavities operating in the below threshold optical parametric oscillator regime. The introduction of nonlinearity enables arbitrarily strong entanglement to be generated. However, for strong coupling, the entanglement is quenched, and a new form of asynchronous entanglement exhibiting time-delayed quantum correlations becomes apparent. The asynchronous entanglement predicted here has many applications in quantum information science.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-eqec.2009.5191614

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The paper presents a theoretical model of non-classical state generation in a pair of identical coupled nonlinear cavities operating in the below threshold optical parametric oscillator regime. The introduction of nonlinearity enables arbitrarily strong entanglement to be generated. However, for strong coupling, the entanglement is quenched, and a new form of asynchronous entanglement exhibiting time-delayed quantum correlations becomes apparent. The asynchronous entanglement predicted here has many applications in quantum information science.
A model is presented of nth order nonlinear processes in whispering gallery mode resonators, with scattering coherently coupling degenerate counter propagating modes. It is shown that such systems generate strong squeezing and time-delayed entanglement. The model can be generally applied to any pair of nonlinear coherently coupled cavities and is of particular relevance to whispering gallery mode resonators. A feature of the entanglement is that, by tuning the coherent coupling rate the peak entanglement can be tuned to occur away from the carrier frequency. This has technological significance allowing low frequency noise sources around the carrier frequency to be avoided. All-optical time-delayed entanglement has many applications, such as an all-optical quantum memory.
Abstract Many technologies emerging from quantum information science heavily rely upon the generation and manipulation of entangled quantum states. Here, we propose and demonstrate a new class of quantum interference phenomena that arise when states are created in and coherently converted between the propagating modes of an optical microcavity. The modal coupling introduces several new creation pathways to a nonlinear optical process within the device, which quantum mechanically interfere to drive the system between states in the time domain. The coherent conversion entangles the generated biphotons between propagation pathways, leading to cyclically evolving path-entanglement and the manifestation of coherent oscillations in second-order temporal correlations. Furthermore, the rich device physics is harnessed to tune properties of the quantum states. In particular, we show that the strength of interference between pathways can be coherently controlled, allowing for manipulation of the degree of entanglement, which can even be entirely quenched. The states can likewise be made to flip-flop between exhibiting initially correlated or uncorrelated behavior. The phenomena presented here open a route to creating higher dimensional entanglement and exotic multi-photon states.
We explore in detail the possibility of generation of continuous-variable (CV) entangled states of light fields with well-localized phases. We show that such quantum states, called entangled self-phase locked states, can be generated in nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (NOPO) based on a type-II phase-matched down-conversion combined with polarization mixer in a cavity. A quantum theory of this device, recently realized in the experiment, is developed for both sub-threshold and above-threshold operational regimes. We show that the system providing relative phase coherence between two generated modes also exhibits different types of quantum correlations between photon numbers and phases of these modes. We quantify the entanglement as two-mode squeezing and show that CV entanglement is realized for both unitary, non-dissipative dynamics and for dissipative NOPO in the entire range of pump field intensities.
We calculate the quantum correlations existing among the three output fields (pump, signal, and idler) of a triply resonant nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator operating above threshold. By applying the standard criteria [P. van Loock and A. Furusawa, Phys. Rev. A 67, 052315 (2003)], we show that strong tripartite continuous-variable entanglement is present in this well-known and simple system. Furthermore, since the entanglement is generated directly from a nonlinear process, the three entangled fields can have very different frequencies, opening the way for multicolored quantum information networks.