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Journal of Modern Optics

Semiclassical theory of a high-finesse optical cavity-assisted V-type three-level atom cooling

Liwei Liu, Lianchun Yu

Published Jun 16, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

A theoretical study is carried out for the cavity cooling of a V-type three-level atom in a high-finesse optical cavity driven by a light field. The dynamical equations are obtained by a semiclassical approach, which is based on the joint atom-field Wigner function of both the motional atomic degrees of freedom and cavity field, including the spontaneous emission and cavity decay. The numerical results show that the highest cooling rate of the V-type three-level atom can be increased 10 times that of a two-level atom. In addition, the cooling rate can be significantly improved by modulating parameters.

DOI
10.1080/09500340.2011.591946

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A theoretical study is carried out for the cavity cooling of a V-type three-level atom in a high-finesse optical cavity driven by a light field. The dynamical equations are obtained by a semiclassical approach, which is based on the joint atom-field Wigner function of both the motional atomic degrees of freedom and cavity field, including the spontaneous emission and cavity decay. The numerical results show that the highest cooling rate of the V-type three-level atom can be increased 10 times that of a two-level atom. In addition, the cooling rate can be significantly improved by modulating parameters.
A theoretical study is carried out for the cavity cooling of a ΛΛΛ-type three level atom in a high-finesse optical cavity with a weakly driven field. Analytical expressions for the friction, diffusion coefficients and the equilibrium temperatures are obtained by using the Heisenberg equations, then they are calculated numerically and shown graphically as a function of controlling parameters. For a suitable choice of these parameters, the dynamics of the cavity field interaction with the ΛΛΛ-type three-level atom introduces a sisyphus cooling mechanism yielding lower temperatures below the Doppler limit and allowing larger cooling rate, avoiding the problems induced by spontaneous emission.
We present a systematic semiclassical model for the simulation of the dynamics of a single two-level atom strongly coupled to a driven high-finesse optical cavity.From the Fokker-Planck equation of the combined atom-field Wigner function we derive stochastic differential equations for the atomic motion and the cavity field.The corresponding noise sources exhibit strong correlations between the atomic momentum fluctuations and the noise in the phase quadrature of the cavity field.The model provides an effective tool to investigate localization effects as well as cooling and trapping times.In addition, we can continuously study the transition from a few-photon quantum field to the classical limit of a large coherent field amplitude.
We present a systematic semiclassical model for the simulation of the dynamics of a single two-level atom strongly coupled to a driven high-finesse optical cavity. From the Fokker-Planck equation of the combined atom-field Wigner function we derive stochastic differential equations for the atomic motion and the cavity field. The corresponding noise sources exhibit strong correlations between the atomic momentum fluctuations and the noise in the phase quadrature of the cavity field. The model provides an effective tool to investigate localisation effects as well as cooling and trapping times. In addition, we can continuously study the transition from a few photon quantum field to the classical limit of a large coherent field amplitude.
A theoretical study is carried out for the modification and implication of the effect on the Ξ-type three level atom in a high-finesse optical cavity driven by light field including spontaneous emission and the cavity decay. Analytic expressions for the dipole force, the friction force, the optical potentials and the friction coefficient are obtained. Then the numerical and graphical methods are used to investigate the friction coefficient with the controlling parameters. It is shown that the friction coefficient is strongly dependent on the controlling parameters. The cooling rate can increase by one order of magnitude more than that of a two-level atomic system. The reason can be given using the dressed states and the Sisyphus cooling mechanism, which would stimulate further experimental investigations.
We extend an earlier semiclassical model to describe the dissipative motion of N atoms coupled to M modes inside a coherently driven high-finesse cavity. The description includes momentum diffusion via spontaneous emission and cavity decay. Simple analytical formulas for the steady-state temperature and the cooling-time for a single atom are derived and show surprisingly good agreement with direct stochastic simulations of the semiclassical equations for N atoms with properly scaled parameters. A thorough comparison with standard free-space Doppler cooling is performed and yields a lower temperature and a cooling-time enhancement by a factor of M times the square of the ratio of the atom-field coupling constant to the cavity decay rate. Finally, it is shown that laser cooling with negligible spontaneous emission should indeed be possible, especially for relatively light particles in a strongly coupled field configuration.