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Soviet Physics Uspekhi

DOUBLE-TIME GREEN FUNCTIONS IN STATISTICAL PHYSICS

D. N. Zubarev

Published Mar 31, 1960• 1,926 citations
Publisher

Abstract

  1. Introduction 320 2. Double-time temperature-dependent Green functions 321 3. Spectral representations 324 4. Green functions in the theory of irreversible processes 326 5. Perfect quantum gases 328 6. Application to the theory of superconductivity 330 7. Application to the theory of ferromagnetism 336 8. Electron-lattice interaction 338 9.Conclusions 342
DOI
10.1070/pu1960v003n03abeh003275

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In this work we will establish the definitions of the Green’s functions in statistical mechanics and their basic properties. These functions depend on double-time and temperature. It can be observed by mean of theier definitions, where we can find the medium values of the operators product, this average is done over the grand canonical ensemble, for instance, (FAB(t − t0) ≡ hAˆ(t)Bˆ(t0)i ou FBA(t − t0) ≡ hBˆ(t0)Aˆ(t)i), with β = 1/kBT, and T is the absolute temperature. The operators involved in theses functions satisfy the Heisenberg equation of motion, which permit us describe the evolution equations for Green’s functions. By mean of spectral representation of the time correlation functions(FAB(t−t0) ≡ hAˆ(t)Bˆ(t0 )i or FBA(t−t0) ≡ hBˆ(t0)Aˆ(t)i), that is done by the introduction of a Fourier transform to change the system from time-space to frequency-space, we can obtain the spectral representations for the retarded Gr, advanced Gr e causal Gc green’s functions. Lastly, we will make the use of retarded green’s function to describe the electrical conductivity of a system of electrons under a external time-dependent electric field, in others words, we will write the electrical conductivity tensor in terms of Gr and, at last, we will calculate the electrical conductivity of a system of electrons and phonons.
摘要 应用李政道和杨振宁提出的二元碰撞展开法,对于有强短程排斥互作用的多粒子系发展了一种按图形计算双时间-温度格临函数的规则,其各级近似由二体散射相移的各次幂所表征。文中得出了玻色和费米统计情形的计算规则,并且研究了有凝聚相存在的玻色系统。本文主要讨论了单粒子格临函数的图形技术,但容易将它们推广应用于计算各种时间-温度格临函数。 Abstract The method of binary collision expansion has been employed to obtain series developments in powers of the scattering length between two particles for double-time-temperature-dependent Green's functions of statistical mechanics. We have studied the cases of Bose and Fermi statistics as well as the case of a Bose system in the presence of a condensed phase, and have established rules for computation of the successive terms of expansion with the aid of diagrams. The present method is applicable to many particle systems with strong and short-ranged mainly repulsive two-body interactions. 作者及机构信息 蔡建华1, 徐宏华2 (1)南京大学物理系; (2)南京大学物理系,1964年应届毕业生 Authors and contacts C. H. TSAI1, H. H. HSU2 (1)南京大学物理系; (2)南京大学物理系,1964年应届毕业生 参考文献 [1] 施引文献
1. First and second quantization 2. The electron gas 3. Phonons: coupling to electrons 4. Mean field theory 5. Time evolution pictures 6. Linear response theory 7. Transport in mesoscopic systems 8. Green's functions 9. Equation of motion theory 10. Transport in interacting mesoscopic systems 11. Imaginary time Green's functions 12. Feynman diagrams and external potentials 13. Feynman diagrams and pair interactions 14. The interacting electron gas 15. Fermi liquid theory 16. Impurity scattering and conductivity 17. Green's functions and phonons 18. Superconductivity 19. 1D electron gases and Luttinger liquids A. Fourier transformations B. Exercises C. Index
Part I: Green's Functions in Mathematical Physics - Time-Independent Green's Functions / Time-dependent Green's Functions / Part II: One-Body Green's Functions - Physical Significance of One-Body Green's Functions / Green's Functions and Perturbation Theory / Green's Functions for Tight-Binding Hamiltonians / Single Impurity Scattering / Extension Theory for Lattice Green's Functions / Part III: Many-Body Green's Functions - Field Operators and Three Pictures / Definition and Properties of Many-Body Green's Functions / The Diagram Technique for Zero-Temperature Green's Functions / Definition and Properties of Matsubara Green's Functions / Diagram Technique for the Matsubara Green's Functions / Three Approximation Schemes of the Diagram Technique / Linear Response Theory / The Equation of Motion Technique for the Green's Functions / Magnetic Systems Described by Heisenberg Model / The Green's Functions for Boson Systems with Condensation / Superconductors with Weak Interaction Between Electrons / Nonequilibrium Green's Functions / Electronic Transport through a Mesoscopic Structure / Appendixes / Index.