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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Atomic vapor quantum memory for a photonic polarization qubit

Young‐Wook Cho, Yoon-Ho Kim

Published Jan 1, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We report an experimental realization of an atomic vapor quantum memory for the photonic polarization qubit. The quantum memory is realized by means of electromagnetically-induced transparency in two spatially separated ensembles of warm Rubidium atoms in a single vapor cell. We have fully characterized the memory with quantum process tomography.

DOI
10.1364/cleo_at.2011.jthb2

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We report an experimental realization of an atomic vapor quantum memory for the photonic polarization qubit. The quantum memory is realized by means of electromagnetically-induced transparency in two spatially separated ensembles of warm Rubidium atoms in a single vapor cell. We have fully characterized the memory with quantum process tomography.
Quantum storage of flying optical qubits, namely coherently mapping photonic states into and out of an optically controlled memory on demand, constitutes an essential component in the optical quantum information processing science, with applications to long-distance optical communication [1]. In this context, practical protocols require sufficiently large storage efficiency to achieve a performance better than direct transmission. Theoretically, the storage and retrieval efficiency can only be improved with the increase of the optical depth (OD). Recent progresses have shown that high OD media enable to reach high-efficiency electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-based optical storage, albeit without the demonstration of qubit storage [2, 3]. Here we experimentally implement an optical quantum memory with single-photon-level probes, showing a EIT-based storage efficiency around 70%. Furthermore, thanks to the spatial multiplexing of the dense atomic ensemble, highly efficient storage of polarization qubit is performed.
We present a theoretical investigation on the quantum memory of photonic polarization qubits via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The system we consider is a tripod-shaped four-level atomic system working under the condition of a double EIT, by which the storage and retrieval of a single-photon polarization qubit are implemented through the switching off and on of a control laser field, and the storage efficiency and the quantum-state fidelity for qubit memory are both calculated. We show that the optimal optical depth for acquiring the maximum efficiency and maximum fidelity of the qubit memory can be obtained simultaneously, which can be further improved by suppressing the optical absorption and dispersion via the choice of the time duration of the input qubit pulse and the amplitude of the control field. We also carry out a calculation on the quantum memory of a single-photon qudit by considering a multipod-shaped atomic-level configuration. The results reported here are useful for understanding the quantum transmission property of slow lights with multiple components and helpful for experimental realizations of high-quality memory of photonic qubits and qudits.